Controlling structure of vertically grown graphene sheets on carbon fibers for hosting Li and Na metals as rechargeable battery anodes

Metallic Li/Na anodes are highly attractive for next-generation batteries due to their high capacity and low anode potential. But dendrite growth and huge volume change during long-term cycling hinder their practical application. Here, vertical graphene sheets grown on carbon fibers (VGSs/CFs) prepa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Carbon (New York) 2020-03, Vol.158, p.394-405
Main Authors: Ji, Xixi, Lin, Zijia, Zeng, Jie, Lin, Yanhong, Mu, Yongbiao, Wang, Shuguang, Ren, Zhonghua, Yu, Jie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anodes
Batteries
Carbon
Carbon fibers
Chemical vapor deposition
Cycles
Dendritic structure
Electrical resistivity
Electrochemical analysis
Graphene
Lithium
Nucleation
Rechargeable batteries
Sheets
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Summary:Metallic Li/Na anodes are highly attractive for next-generation batteries due to their high capacity and low anode potential. But dendrite growth and huge volume change during long-term cycling hinder their practical application. Here, vertical graphene sheets grown on carbon fibers (VGSs/CFs) prepared by thermal chemical vapor deposition are used as 3D stable hosts for Li/Na metal anode. The results show that the structure of the VGSs has great influence on electrochemical performance of the anodes. The tightly interconnected VGSs provide numerous active sites for Li/Na adsorption and improve electrical conductivity of the anodes, increasing current density uniformity and decreasing energy barrier for the Li/Na nucleation on the composite electrode during cycling. The symmetrical cell based on VGSs/CFs composite Li anode (Li/VGSs/CFs) demonstrates a small overpotential of 76 mV for 1200 cycles at 5 mA cm−2 in carbonate-based electrolyte. The symmetrical cell using VGSs/CFs composite Na anode (Na/VGSs/CFs) shows a small overpotential of 98 mV for 2000 cycles at 10 mA cm−2. Furthermore, in full-cell configurations against Li4Ti5O12 or LiFePO4 cathodes, Li/VGSs/CFs anode displays ultrahigh cyclic stability and rate performance. The Li/VGSs/CFs and Na/VGSs/CFs anodes outperform the reported hosts for Li/Na anodes and are of high promise for practical application. [Display omitted]
ISSN:0008-6223
1873-3891
DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2019.11.002