EFFECTS OF FOG PRECIPITATION ON WATER RESOURCES AND DRINKING WATER TREATMENT IN THE JIZERA MOUNTAINS, THE CZECH REPUBLIC

Water yield from catchments with a high evidence of fog or low clouds could be increasedby the canopy fog drip. However, in areas with the acid atmospheric deposition, this process canlead to the decline of water quality. The aim of this study is to analyze fog related processes inheadwater catchmen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Stavební obzor 2015-07, Vol.24 (2)
Main Authors: Křeček, Josef, Palán, Ladislav
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acidification
Annual rainfall
Beech
Canopies
Catchments
Deciduous trees
Deposition
Drinking water
Fog
Forest management
Heavy metals
Interpolation
Mountains
Nitrogen
Operating costs
Precipitation
Rain gauges
Sulfur
Surface water
Water quality
Water resources
Water treatment
Water treatment plants
Water yield
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Summary:Water yield from catchments with a high evidence of fog or low clouds could be increasedby the canopy fog drip. However, in areas with the acid atmospheric deposition, this process canlead to the decline of water quality. The aim of this study is to analyze fog related processes inheadwater catchments of the Jizera Mountains (the Czech Republic) with special attention to waterquality and the drinking water treatment. In two years (2011-2012), the fog drip was observed bytwelve passive fog collectors at transect of the Jizerka experimental catchment. Methods of spaceinterpolation and extrapolation (ArcGis 10.2) were applied to approximate the areal atmosphericdeposition of fog water, sulphur and nitrogen, in catchments of the drinking water reservoirsJosefův Důl and Souš. The mean annual fog drip from vegetation canopy was found between 88and 106 mm (i.e. 7 to 9 percent of precipitation, and 11 to 13 percent of water yield, estimated bystandard rain gauge monitoring). But, the mean annual load of sulphur and nitrogen by the fog dripwas 1,975 and 1,080, kilograms per square kilometre, respectively (i.e. 55 and 48 percent of totaldeposition of sulphur and nitrogen, registered in the bulk. The acidification of surface waters leadsto rising operational costs in the water treatment plants (liming, reduce of heavy metals, morefrequent control of sand filters etc.). In a catchment scale, the additional precipitation, caused bythe canopy fog drip, could be controlled by the effective watershed management (support of forestsstands near the native composition with presence of deciduous trees: beech, mountain ash, orbirch).
ISSN:1805-2576
1805-2576
DOI:10.14311/CEJ.2015.02.0010