Heteroatom- and metalloid-doped carbon catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction: a mini-review

Electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction have been the study of interest because of their importance in various energy storage and conversion reactions. Though platinum-based catalysts are found to be the most active catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions, their high cost and scarcity have l...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ionics 2020-04, Vol.26 (4), p.1563-1589
Main Authors: Gouse Peera, Shaik, Kwon, Hyuk-Jun, Lee, Tae Gwan, Hussain, A. Mohammed
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Catalysis
Catalysts
Chemical synthesis
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Electrocatalysts
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage
Optical and Electronic Materials
Oxygen reduction reactions
Platinum
Renewable and Green Energy
Review
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Summary:Electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction have been the study of interest because of their importance in various energy storage and conversion reactions. Though platinum-based catalysts are found to be the most active catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions, their high cost and scarcity have led researchers to discover alternative active and cost-effective catalysts. In this regard, heteroatom- and metalloid-doped catalysts were explored as possible alternatives to traditional platinum-based catalysts. Consequently, a large number of heteroatom- and metalloid-doped catalysts have been synthesized and evaluated for oxygen reduction activity. Synergistic catalysts, with dual-doped, tri-doped, and multi-heteroatom-doped catalysts, were also synthesized by doping more than one heteroatom. In this review, we discuss the fundamental principles and reasons behind the origin of ORR catalysis of heteroatom- and metalloid-doped catalysts discussed with the support of literatures.
ISSN:0947-7047
1862-0760
DOI:10.1007/s11581-020-03473-0