The potentiality of toxic metals to wheat crop as affected by municipal solid waste: An implication to human health

The by-product of industrial and municipal wastewater is sewage sludge. It is enriched with a lot of organic nutrients. The sewage sludge that has high amount of organic matter, micronutrients, and macro-nutrients, are usually used as fertilizer for horticultural crops. The impact of sewage sludge o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pure and applied biology 2020-03, Vol.9 (1), p.809-820
Main Authors: Khan, Zafar Iqbal, Ahmad, Kafeel, Zameer, Fazeela, Mehmood, Naunain, Wajid, Kinza, Batool, Aima Iram, Nadeem, Muhammad, Akhter, Pervaiz, Ghazzal, Maria, Akhtar, Mubeen, Bashir, Humayun, Ashfaq, Asma, Mnuir, Mudasra, Malik, Ifra Saleem
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atomic absorption analysis
Cadmium
Cereal crops
Data analysis
Food chains
Health hazards
Health risk assessment
Heavy metals
Horticultural crops
Iron
Metal concentrations
Metals
Micronutrients
Microorganisms
Municipal solid waste
Municipal waste management
Municipal wastewater
Nutrients
Organic matter
Pathogens
Seeds
Sewage sludge
Sludge
Solid waste management
Spectral analysis
Translocation
Variance analysis
Wastewater
Wheat
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Summary:The by-product of industrial and municipal wastewater is sewage sludge. It is enriched with a lot of organic nutrients. The sewage sludge that has high amount of organic matter, micronutrients, and macro-nutrients, are usually used as fertilizer for horticultural crops. The impact of sewage sludge on heavy metal's uptake ratio by wheat variety is observed by conducting a pot experiment. The amount of heavy metals in various parts of wheat plant was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AA-6300 Shimadzu Japan). The metals concentration in grains of wheat ranged from 0.64 to 0.97 for Zn, 0.76 to 0.93 for Co, 1.30 to 1.61 for Cd and 0.81 to 1.58 mg/kg for Fe, respectively. All metal concentrations were found below the permissible limits suggested by FAO/WHO. The calculation for translocation and bio-concentration factor for various parts of the wheat crop was done. However, there may be a risk of the presence of potentially unsafe substances in the sewage sludge e.g., pathogens and heavy metals.
ISSN:2304-2478
DOI:10.19045/bsoab.2020.90087