H4SiW12O40-Catalyzed Levulinic Acid Esterification at Room Temperature for Production of Fuel Bioadditives

In this work, a route to synthesize bioadditives through H 4 SiW 12 O 40 -catalyzed levulinic acid esterification reactions with alcohols of short chain at room temperature was assessed. Among the Brønsted acids assessed (i.e., sulfuric, p -toluenesulfonic, silicotungstic, phosphomolybdic and phosph...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Waste and biomass valorization 2020-05, Vol.11 (5), p.1895-1904
Main Authors: Vilanculo, Castelo Bandane, de Andrade Leles, Lorena Christina, da Silva, Márcio José
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Alcohols
Catalysts
Chemical reactions
Chemical synthesis
Diesel fuels
Engineering
Environment
Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology
Esterification
Gasoline
Heteropoly anions
Industrial Pollution Prevention
Levulinic acid
Molecular chains
Original Paper
Reaction mechanisms
Renewable and Green Energy
Room temperature
Selectivity
Softness
Stoichiometry
Waste Management/Waste Technology
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Summary:In this work, a route to synthesize bioadditives through H 4 SiW 12 O 40 -catalyzed levulinic acid esterification reactions with alcohols of short chain at room temperature was assessed. Among the Brønsted acids assessed (i.e., sulfuric, p -toluenesulfonic, silicotungstic, phosphomolybdic and phosphotungstic acids), H 4 SiW 12 O 40 was the most active and selective catalyst. High conversions ( ca . 90%) and selectivity (90–97%) for alkyl levulinates with carbon chain size ranging from C 6 to C 10 were obtained. The effect of main reaction parameters was studied, with a special focus on the reaction temperature, stoichiometry of reactants, concentration and nature of the catalyst. Insights on reaction mechanism were done and the activity of heteropoly catalysts was discussed based on acid strength and softness of the heteropolyanions. The use of renewable raw material, the mild reaction conditions (i.e., room temperature), and a recyclable solid catalyst are the some of the positive features of this process. The alkyl levulinates obtained are renewable origin bioadditives that can be blended either to gasoline or diesel. Graphical Abstract
ISSN:1877-2641
1877-265X
DOI:10.1007/s12649-018-00549-x