The relationship between spiritual leadership to quality of work life and ethical behavior and its implication to increasing the organizational citizenship behavior

• Published in: The Journal of management development 2020-04, Vol.39 (3), p.293-305
• Main Authors: Pio, Riane Johnly, Lengkong, Florence Daisy Jetty
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Academic Achievement; Beliefs; Citizenship; Educational Background; Employees; Employment Level; Ethics; Health services; Hospitals; Human Resources; Leadership; Medical personnel; Medical Services; Nursing; Organizational Culture; Organizational Development; Patients; Physicians; Quality; Quality of work; Religious Factors; Research Methodology; Social Integration; Spirituality; Structural equation modeling; Transformational Leadership; Values; Variables; Wages & salaries; Work Experience
• ISSN: 0262-1711; 1758-7492
• DOI: 10.1108/JMD-07-2018-0186

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between spiritual leadership, quality of work life (QWL), ethical behavior, and its implication to organizational citizenship behavior (OCB).Design/methodology/approachThe study design is the quantitative method as an explanatory research with the purpose to explain the phenomena or pattern of correlation between the concepts (Solimun et al., 2017). Focus on this study is the employees in three private hospitals managed by foundations or religious-based institutions as research areas, namely (1) Adventist Hospital; (2) Pancaran Kasih Hospital; (3) Siti Maryam Hospital, Manado, Indonesia. The population in this study was all the employees, and the sample size is 150 respondents (using Slovin’s Formula), by simple random sampling. The analytical method used to test the hypothesis of the research was structural equation modeling (SEM) covariance based called partial least square (PLS).FindingsThe spiritual leadership has the direct effect QWL. The spiritual leadership has the direct effect on ethical behavior. The spiritual leadership does not have the direct effect on OCB. QWL has the direct effect on OCB. The ethical behavior has the direct effect on OCB. The spiritual leadership has the indirect effect on OCB, with QWL and ethical behavior as mediation variables.Originality/valueThis is one of few research studies comprehensively investigating the relationship between spiritual leadership (as exogenous variable), with QWL and ethical behavior (as intervening variable) and OCB (as endogenous variable). Based on the views and opinions of some of the mentioned writers, we assume that spiritual leadership has a relationship with OCB mediated by QWL or ethical behavior.