A review of cancer immunotherapy toxicity

Cancer immunotherapies, including checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapy, manipulate the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells. These therapies have the potential to induce durable responses in multiple solid and hematologic malignancies and thus have transformed treatment algo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:CA: a cancer journal for clinicians 2020-03, Vol.70 (2), p.86-104
Main Authors: Kennedy, Lucy Boyce, Salama, April K. S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cancer
Cancer immunotherapy
Cell therapy
checkpoint inhibitor
chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells
Chimeric antigen receptors
cytokine release syndrome
cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA‐4)
Immune checkpoint
immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS)
Immune system
immune‐related adverse events (irAEs)
Immunomodulation
Immunotherapy
Lymphocytes T
programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1)
Steroid hormones
Toxicity
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Description
Summary:Cancer immunotherapies, including checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapy, manipulate the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells. These therapies have the potential to induce durable responses in multiple solid and hematologic malignancies and thus have transformed treatment algorithms for numerous tumor types. Cancer immunotherapies lead to unique toxicity profiles distinct from the toxicities of other cancer therapies, depending on their mechanism of action. These toxicities often require specific management, which can include steroids and immune‐modulating therapy and for which consensus guidelines have been published. This review will focus on the toxicities of checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T cells, including pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management.
ISSN:0007-9235
1542-4863
DOI:10.3322/caac.21596