Enhanced physical properties of Bi4Ti3O12 modified Bi0.5(Na0.4K0.1)TiO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics using crystallographic orientation techniques
In this study, bismuth titanate (Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 ) templates were synthesized through the molten salt method in Na 2 CO 3 and K 2 CO 3 fluxes. The prepared Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 templates possessed plate-like morphologies with lengths of 5–20 μm and widths of 0.5–1 μm. They can be used to improve the electr...
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Published in: | Journal of electroceramics 2020-04, Vol.44 (1-2), p.68-77 |
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Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | In this study, bismuth titanate (Bi
4
Ti
3
O
12
) templates were synthesized through the molten salt method in Na
2
CO
3
and K
2
CO
3
fluxes. The prepared Bi
4
Ti
3
O
12
templates possessed plate-like morphologies with lengths of 5–20 μm and widths of 0.5–1 μm. They can be used to improve the electrical properties of Bi
0.5
(Na
0.4
K
0.1
)TiO
3
lead-free ceramics by employing template grain growth method at different sintering temperatures (950–1150 °C). The effect of sintering temperature on the physical properties of the 0.9[Bi
0.5
(Na
0.4
K
0.1
)TiO
3
]-0.1[Bi
4
Ti
3
O
12
] (BNKT-BT) ceramics was investigated and it was found that the degree of orientation of the synthesized ceramics increased along with the sintering temperature, and the highest values were achieved at 1050
ο
C. However, at 1150
ο
C, the values for both ceramics started to decrease due to the formation of the Bi
2
Ti
2
O
7
pyrochlore phase. The ceramics sintered at an optimum temperature of 1050
ο
C exhibited the best physical properties such as density (
ρ
), 6.0 g cm
−3
(relative density 99.8% of the theoretical value); remanent polarization (
P
r
), 15.5 μC cm
−2
; coercive field (
E
c
), 24.5 Kv/cm; and highest dielectric constant (
ε
max
), 6080. |
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ISSN: | 1385-3449 1573-8663 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s10832-020-00200-z |