Tentative Identification of Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities during Fruit-Ripening on Chamaedorea radicalis Mart

• Published in: Phyton (Buenos Aires) 2020, Vol.89 (2), p.361-373
• Main Authors: Montelongo-Ru韟, Gerardo, del Rocio Moreno-Ram韗ez, Yolanda, Cruz Ju醨ez-Arag髇, Mar韆, Nohem Ni駉-Garc韆, Ivonne Torres-Acosta, Reyna, Jorge Ariel, Torres-Castillo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alkaloids; Antioxidants; Chamaedorea; Equivalence; Flavonoids; Free radicals; Fruits; Gallic acid; Identification methods; Kaempferol; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Pericarp; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; Phytochemicals; Quercetin; Ripening; Saponins; Scavenging; Spectrophotometry; Vitamin E
• ISSN: 1851-5657; 0031-9457; 1851-5657
• DOI: 10.32604/phyton.2020.08499

This work aims to determine the phytochemical characterization of the pericarp of Chamaedorea radicalis Mart. fruit as a non-timber product with potential to obtain phytochemicals with potential applications in the industry. Fruit from C. radicalis were grouped in four ripening stages named as S1, S2, S3 and S4, according to maturity; S1 the most unripe stage and S4 the completely ripe stage. Determinations of total phenolic compounds, free radical scavenging activities and total flavonoid contents using spectrophotometric methods were done. Also, the tentative identification of phytochemicals during fruit ripening was done using UPLC-MS-MS. Total phenolic compound (TPC) content ranged from 7.24 to 12.53 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of fresh weight (mg GAE/ g FW). Total flavonoids (TF) contents ranged from 0.163 to 0.23 mg of quercetin equivalents per g FW (mg QE/g FW). Free radical scavenging activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals varied from 40.80 to 53.68 and from 22.29 to 37.76 mmol Trolox equivalents g FW (mmol TE/g FW), respectively. Antioxidant assay in vitro by FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) method showed that S3 was the highest level with antioxidant power while S4 was the lowest with Red ripeness stage showed the lowest contents for all determinations. Mass spectrometry allowed detection of 26 compounds, including phenolics, alkaloids and saponins. Afzelin, Kaempferol 3-neohesperidoside and the four saponins identified were present in all ripeness stages. Preliminary phytochemical identi- fication and the spectrophotometric determinations showed that the pericarp ofC. radicalis presented antioxidants and compounds related to alkaloids, phenolics and saponins. The presence and abundance of each phytochemical regarding each ripeness stage should be considered.