Disruption of cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver and small intestine in chicken embryos in ovo exposed to glyphosate

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2020-05, Vol.27 (14), p.16865-16875
• Main Authors: Fathi, Mohamed Ahmed, Han, Guofeng, Kang, Ruifen, Shen, Dan, Shen, Jiakun, Li, Chunmei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Chick Embryo; Chickens; CYP1A2 protein; Cytochrome; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Cytochrome P450; Cytochromes P450; Deionization; Duodenum; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Eggs; Embryos; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental science; Exposure; Gene expression; Glutathione; Glutathione peroxidase; Glycine - analogs & derivatives; Glyphosate; Herbicides; Ileum; Interferon; Intestine; Intestine, Small; Jejunum; Liver; Malondialdehyde; MDR1 protein; Oxidative stress; Peroxidase; Research Article; Small intestine; Superoxide dismutase; Transaminase; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; Y gene
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08269-3

Glyphosate is the active component of several commercial formulations as in Roundup®. The present study was investigated the toxic effects of pure glyphosate or Roundup® on the liver and small intestine of chick embryos. On day 6, a total of 180 fertile eggs injected with deionized water (control group), 10 mg pure glyphosate, or 10 mg of the active ingredient glyphosate in Roundup®/kg egg mass. The results showed an increase in relative weights of the liver in embryos that treated with Roundup®. Furthermore, oxidative stress was observed in the embryos treated with glyphosate or Roundup®, increased total superoxide dismutase, and content of malondialdehyde in the liver and intestine; moreover, decrease of glutathione peroxidase in the liver with increased in the intestine compared with the control. Besides, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase was increased in Roundup® group compared with other groups. Moreover, histopathological alterations in the liver and intestine tissues were observed in treated groups. Suppression of hepatic CYP1A2 , CYP1A4 , CYP1B1 , and MDR1 mRNA expression after exposed to Roundup®. Furthermore, inhibition of CYP1A4 in the duodenum, CYP1A4 , and MRP2 in the jejunum in embryos exposed to glyphosate or Roundup®. In addition, glyphosate treatment caused an increase of CYP3A5 , CYP1C1 , and IFNY mRNA expression in the jejunum and CYP1A2 expression in the ileum, while IFN-Y gene increase in embryos treated with Roundup®. In conclusion, in ovo exposure to glyphosate caused histopathological alterations and induced oxidative stress in the liver and small intestines. Moreover, the expression of cytochrome P450 , MDR1 , and MRP2 transporters was also modulated in the liver and small intestines for chick embryos.