The holographic fluid dual to vacuum Einstein gravity

• Published in: The journal of high energy physics 2011-07, Vol.2011 (7), Article 50
• Main Authors: Compère, Geoffrey, McFadden, Paul, Skenderis, Kostas, Taylor, Marika
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algorithms; Classical and Quantum Gravitation; Computational fluid dynamics; Einstein equations; Elementary Particles; Equations of motion; Fluid flow; Flux density; High energy physics; Incompressible flow; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; Quantum Field Theories; Quantum Field Theory; Quantum Physics; Relativistic effects; Relativity Theory; String Theory; Tensors; Transport properties
• ISSN: 1029-8479; 1029-8479
• DOI: 10.1007/JHEP07(2011)050

We present an algorithm for systematically reconstructing a solution of the ( d  + 2)-dimensional vacuum Einstein equations from a ( d  + 1)-dimensional fluid, extending the non-relativistic hydrodynamic expansion of Bredberg et al. in arXiv:1101.2451 to arbitrary order. The fluid satisfies equations of motion which are the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, corrected by specific higher-derivative terms. The uniqueness and regularity of this solution is established to all orders and explicit results are given for the bulk metric and the stress tensor of the dual fluid through fifth order in the hydrodynamic expansion. We establish the validity of a relativistic hydrodynamic description for the dual fluid, which has the unusual property of having a vanishing equilibrium energy density. The gravitational results are used to identify transport coefficients of the dual fluid, which also obeys an interesting and exact constraint on its stress tensor. We propose novel Lagrangian models which realise key properties of the holographic fluid.