Tsunami Loads on a Representative Coastal Bridge Deck: Experimental Study and Validation of Design Equations

Abstract Fluid impact forces on a bridge superstructure in the horizontal and vertical directions due to tsunami inundation, represented by a solitary wave, were investigated through a large-scale laboratory experiment and numerical simulations. The experiment was conducted in a two-dimensional larg...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of waterway, port, coastal, and ocean engineering port, coastal, and ocean engineering, 2020-09, Vol.146 (5)
Main Authors: Xiang, Tao, Istrati, Denis, Yim, Solomon C, Buckle, Ian G, Lomonaco, Pedro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bridge decks
Bridges
Computer simulation
Concrete slabs
Elevation
Experiments
Flooding
Flumes
Girder bridges
Horizontal loads
Hydrodynamic models
Hydrodynamics
Impact loads
Mathematical models
Model testing
Numerical prediction
Numerical simulations
Shallow water
Shallow water waves
Solitary waves
Steel structures
Superstructures
Technical Papers
Tsunamis
Vertical forces
Water depth
Water waves
Wave forces
Wave height
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Summary:Abstract Fluid impact forces on a bridge superstructure in the horizontal and vertical directions due to tsunami inundation, represented by a solitary wave, were investigated through a large-scale laboratory experiment and numerical simulations. The experiment was conducted in a two-dimensional large wave flume using a 1:5 scale steel girder and concrete slab bridge model, tested under shallow water waves at two water depths. Wave forces measured in the experiment were used to validate and assess the numerical predictive capability of a nonlinear hydrodynamic model. A numerical parametric study was conducted to determine the effect of variations in bridge elevation and wave height on the magnitude of the horizontal and vertical forces and overturning moment. Finally, an improved simplified design procedure based on the experimental and numerical results is proposed.
ISSN:0733-950X
1943-5460
DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000560