Room-temperature optomechanical squeezing

• Published in: Nature physics 2020-07, Vol.16 (7), p.784-788
• Main Authors: Aggarwal, Nancy, Cullen, Torrey J., Cripe, Jonathan, Cole, Garrett D., Lanza, Robert, Libson, Adam, Follman, David, Heu, Paula, Corbitt, Thomas, Mavalvala, Nergis
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 639/766/483; 639/766/483/1255; Atomic; Classical and Continuum Physics; Coherent light; Complex Systems; Compressing; Condensed Matter Physics; Crystals; Detectors; Frequencies; Frequency ranges; Gravitation; Gravitational waves; Light; Light sources; Mathematical and Computational Physics; Measurement methods; Mechanical oscillators; Molecular; Noise levels; Optical and Plasma Physics; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; Quadratures; Room temperature; Sensitivity; Sensors; Shot noise; Theoretical
• ISSN: 1745-2473; 1745-2481
• DOI: 10.1038/s41567-020-0877-x

Squeezed light—light with quantum noise lower than shot noise in some quadratures and higher in others—can be used to improve the sensitivity of precision measurements. In particular, squeezed light sources based on nonlinear optical crystals are being used to improve the sensitivity of gravitational wave detectors. In optomechanical squeezers, the radiation-pressure-driven interaction of a coherent light field with a mechanical oscillator induces correlations between the amplitude and phase quadratures of the light, which induce the squeezing. However, thermally driven fluctuations of the mechanical oscillator’s position make it difficult to observe the quantum correlations at room temperature and at low frequencies. Here, we present a measurement of optomechanically squeezed light, performed at room temperature in a broad band near the audio-frequency regions relevant to gravitational wave detectors. We observe sub-Poissonian quantum noise in a frequency band of 30–70 kHz with a maximum reduction of 0.7 ± 0.1 dB below shot noise at 45 kHz. We present two independent methods of measuring this squeezing, one of which does not rely on the calibration of shot noise. The ability to create optomechanically squeezed light at room temperature across a frequency range in the audio band could improve the measurement precision of future interferometric detectors for gravitational waves.