Antimicrobial activity, toxicity and accumulated hard‐tissue debris (AHTD) removal efficacy of several chelating agents

Aim To evaluate the antimicrobial, toxicity and cleaning effectiveness of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and maleic acid (MA) alone and combined with cetrimide (CTR). Methodology Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects were assessed on Chinese hamster cells V79 using the MTT, clonogenic and micronuc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International endodontic journal 2020-08, Vol.53 (8), p.1093-1110
Main Authors: Giardino, L., Bidossi, A., Del Fabbro, M., Savadori, P., Maddalone, M., Ferrari, L., Ballal, N. V., Das, S., Rao, B. S. S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetic acid
Antimicrobial activity
Antimicrobial agents
biofilm
Biofilms
Biomass
Chelating agents
confocal laser scanning microscopy
Cytotoxicity
Detergents
Edetic acid
Endodontics
Genotoxicity
irrigation
Kruskal-Wallis test
Lavage
Maleic acid
Micro‐CT
Minimum inhibitory concentration
Planktonic cells
Root canals
Statistical analysis
Variance analysis
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Summary:Aim To evaluate the antimicrobial, toxicity and cleaning effectiveness of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and maleic acid (MA) alone and combined with cetrimide (CTR). Methodology Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects were assessed on Chinese hamster cells V79 using the MTT, clonogenic and micronucleus assays, respectively. The bacterial inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC, respectively) were determined on a strain of Enterococcus faecalis. Antimicrobial tests were performed on a biofilm model after treatment with the chelating agents by using a biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) assays. Quantification of cell biomass and percentage of live and dead cells in the biomass were assessed for each group. The percentage reduction of accumulated hard‐tissue debris (AHTD) after root canal preparation and final irrigation protocols was evaluated by micro‐CT. Statistical tests of one‐way analysis of variance (anova), Bonferroni test, Kruskal–Wallis test, Dunn’s multiple comparison test and Wilcoxon matched‐pairs signed‐rank tests were used. Results Cetrimide alone as well as in combination with EDTA and MA at dilutions of 1/10 and 1/100 was significantly more toxic as compared to untreated controls (P 
ISSN:0143-2885
1365-2591
DOI:10.1111/iej.13314