Co-creation, co-evolution and co-governance: understanding green businesses and urban transformations

Green businesses based on economic, social and technological innovations are engines of green growth and climate change adaptation across the world. However, without proper interactive mechanisms with the city, green businesses are particularly vulnerable in today’s fast-changing socio-economic and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Climatic change 2020-06, Vol.160 (4), p.621-636
Main Authors: Ma, Yuge, Thornton, Thomas F., Mangalagiu, Diana, Lan, Jing, Hestad, Dina, Cappello, Elena Apostoli, Van der Leeuw, Sander
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation
Agriculture
Atmospheric Sciences
Business
Carbon
Cities
Climate adaptation
Climate change
Climate change adaptation
Climate change research
Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts
Comparative analysis
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Economic growth
Economics
Engines
Environmental impact
Environmental management
Evolution
Governance
Green buildings
Green development
Innovations
Renewable energy
Renewable resources
Resource management
Social innovation
Society
Socioeconomic aspects
Startups
Sustainability
Sustainable development
Technological change
Transformations
Urban agriculture
Urban research
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Summary:Green businesses based on economic, social and technological innovations are engines of green growth and climate change adaptation across the world. However, without proper interactive mechanisms with the city, green businesses are particularly vulnerable in today’s fast-changing socio-economic and political urban contexts. Existing research on climate change adaptation and low-carbon transitions have not explained the crucial components and mechanisms involved in realising sustainable transformations through green businesses in cities. Synthesizing the latest green innovation and urban transformation literature, the paper analyses four distinctive urban green business cases: free-floating bike sharing in Shanghai (Mobike), a renewable energy cooperative in Girona (Som Energia), urban agriculture in Venice and green building start-ups in Istanbul. Based on a comparative analysis, we theorize a 3-Co model to explain the city-green-business transformation process consisting of: first, co-creation of sustainable values between green business and the respective society; second, co-evolution between the business ecosystem and the city’s visions and policies; and third, co-governance of sustainable trade-offs during the business development and implementation process.
ISSN:0165-0009
1573-1480
DOI:10.1007/s10584-019-02541-3