Anion-inhibited solid framework polymer electrolyte for dendrite-free lithium metal batteries

• Published in: Electrochimica acta 2020-04, Vol.338, p.135902, Article 135902
• Main Authors: Shang, Wenyan, Niu, Chaoqun, Chen, Guangping, Chen, Yubing, Du, Jie
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anion inhibition; Anions; Anodes; Cycles; Dendrite-free; Dendritic structure; Electric fields; Electrode materials; Electrolytes; Ion currents; Ions; Lithium; Lithium ions; Lithium metal battery; Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane; Solid framework structure
• ISSN: 0013-4686; 1873-3859
• DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135902

Lithium metal shows great promise as an anode material for high-performance next-generation batteries due to its low redox potential, low weight, and high specific capacity. However, the uncontrolled growth of lithium dendrites during charge–discharge cycling limits the practical application of lithium metal anodes. In this work, an anion-inhibited solid framework polymer electrolyte (SFPE) was prepared through the polymerization of vinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (VPOSS) and diallyl dicarbonate (DDC) as a means to suppress lithium dendrite formation. The structure of the electrolyte was found to reduce the electric field at the anode surface by restricting the free movement of the anions (TFSI−) of the lithium salt, which facilitated the orderly, uniform, and safe deposition of lithium ions on the anode. The SFPE presented a high lithium ion transference number (0.63), a wide window of electrochemical stability (5.6 V versus Li+/Li), and high ionic conductivity (0.31 mS cm−1) at 25 °C. A LiFePO4/Li cell containing the SFPE achieved a specific discharge capacity of 165 mAh g−1 and a capacity retention of 91.3% after 200 cycles at 0.1 C (1 C = 180 mAh g−1) and 25 °C, and the lithium anode surface remained smooth after 600 h of constant-current charge–discharge cycling. Based on these results, this SFPE is an excellent candidate for use in high-performance lithium metal batteries. [Display omitted] •Anion-inhibited solid frame polymer electrolyte (SFPE) is prepared.•Lithium dendrite is effectively inhibited by SFPE.•The lithium-ion transfer number is up to 0.63.•SFPE has a wide electrochemical stable window of 5.6V.