Electronic structure and spontaneous magnetization in Mn-doped SnO2

Mn-doped SnO 2 is a promising dilute magnetic semiconductor; however, there are many inconsistent reports on the magnetic ordering in the literature. We investigate the magnetic ordering and the local electronic structure in stoichiometric and Mn-doped (with Mn concentrations of 1 at.%, 3 at.%, and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied physics 2020-07, Vol.128 (4)
Main Authors: Naji Aljawfi, Rezq, Abu-Samak, Mahmoud, Swillam, Mohammed A., Hwa Chae, Keun, Kumar, Shalendra, McLeod, John A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antiferromagnetism
Applied physics
Density functional theory
Electronic structure
Ferromagnetism
Fine structure
Magnetic semiconductors
Magnetization
Manganese
Tin dioxide
X ray absorption
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Summary:Mn-doped SnO 2 is a promising dilute magnetic semiconductor; however, there are many inconsistent reports on the magnetic ordering in the literature. We investigate the magnetic ordering and the local electronic structure in stoichiometric and Mn-doped (with Mn concentrations of 1 at.%, 3 at.%, and 6 at.%) SnO 2 using magnetization measurements, Mn L 2 , 3-edge and O K-edge x-ray absorption fine structure measurements, and density functional theory and model Hamiltonian calculations. We find that paramagnetic and ferromagnetic behavior is present as a function of Mn concentration and, in particular, that paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, and antiferromagnetic order coexist independently in Mn(6%):SnO 2. Simultaneously, we find that Mn 2 +, Mn 3 +, and Mn 4 + also coexist in Mn(6%):SnO 2. These findings demonstrate the care needed to study Mn:SnO 2 and point to the wealth of magnetic behaviors that might be realized with careful control of synthesis conditions.
ISSN:0021-8979
1089-7550
DOI:10.1063/5.0012415