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Pest control potential of adjacent agri‐environment schemes varies with crop type and is shaped by landscape context and within‐field position

Increasing natural pest control in agricultural fields is an important aim of ecological intensification. Combined effects of landscape context and local placement of agri‐environmental schemes (AES) on natural pest control and within‐field distance functions of natural pest control agents have rare...

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Published in:The Journal of applied ecology 2020-08, Vol.57 (8), p.1482-1493
Main Authors: Boetzl, Fabian A., Schuele, Maren, Krauss, Jochen, Steffan‐Dewenter, Ingolf, Marini, Lorenzo
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description Increasing natural pest control in agricultural fields is an important aim of ecological intensification. Combined effects of landscape context and local placement of agri‐environmental schemes (AES) on natural pest control and within‐field distance functions of natural pest control agents have rarely been addressed but might affect the distribution of biocontrol providers. Importantly, it is currently unknown whether ecosystem services provided by adjacent AES are consistent for different crop types during crop rotation. In this study, we assessed whether crop rotation from oilseed rape to cereals altered within‐field distance functions of ground‐dwelling predators from adjacent agri‐environmental fields along a gradient in landscape context. Additionally, we recorded crop pests, predation rates, parasitoids as well as crop yields on a total of 30 study sites. Distance functions varied between trophic levels: Carabid richness decreased while densities of carabid beetles, staphylinid beetles as well as crop yields increased towards the field centres. Distance functions of parasitoids and pests were modulated by the amount of semi‐natural habitat in the surrounding landscape, while the effects of adjacent AES were limited. Distance decay functions found for ground‐dwelling predators in oilseed rape in the previous year were not always present in cereals. Increasing distance to the field edge also increased effects of crop rotation on carabid beetle assemblages, indicating a source habitat function of field edges. Synthesis and applications. Distance functions of natural pest control are not universal and the effects of agri‐environmental schemes (AES) in different adjacent crops during crop rotation vary and depend on ecological contrasts. A network of semi‐natural habitats and spatially optimized AES habitats can benefit pest control in agricultural landscapes, but constraints as a result of crop type need to be addressed by annually targeted, spatially shifting agri‐environment schemes for different crops. Distance functions of natural pest control are not universal and the effects of agri‐environmental schemes (AES) in different adjacent crops during crop rotation vary and depend on ecological contrasts. A network of semi‐natural habitats and spatially optimized AES habitats can benefit pest control in agricultural landscapes, but constraints as a result of crop type need to be addressed by annually targeted, spatially shifting agri‐environment schemes f
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subjects Agricultural land
Agricultural practices
Agricultural production
Beetles
Biological control
Cereals
Coleoptera
Context
Crop rotation
Crop yield
Crops
Decay
distance gradient
Ecological effects
ecological intensification
Ecosystem services
Environmental effects
ground‐dwelling predators
Habitats
Landscape
Oilseed crops
Oilseeds
parasitoids
Pest control
Pests
Predation
Predators
Rape plants
Rapeseed
semi‐natural habitats
Trophic levels
title Pest control potential of adjacent agri‐environment schemes varies with crop type and is shaped by landscape context and within‐field position
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