High titers of multiple antibody isotypes against the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain and nucleoprotein associate with better neutralization

Understanding antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 is indispensable for the development of containment measures to overcome the current COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we determine the ability of sera from 101 recovered healthcare workers to neutralize both authentic SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:bioRxiv 2020-08
Main Authors: Noval, Maria G, Kaczmarek, Maria E, Koide, Akiko, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Bruno A, Louie, Ping, Tada, Takuya, Hattori, Takamitsu, Panchenko, Tatyana, Romero, Larizbeth A, Kai Wen Teng, Bazley, Andrew, De Vries, Maren, Samanovic, Marie I, Weiser, Jeffrey N, Aifantis, Ioannis, Cangiarella, Joan, Mulligan, Mark J, Desvignes, Ludovic, Dittmann, Meike, Landau, Nathaniel R, Aguero-Rosenfeld, Maria E, Koide, Shohei, Stapleford, Kenneth A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Antibody response
Antigens
COVID-19
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Immunoglobulin A
Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin M
Isotypes
Medical personnel
Microbiology
Pandemics
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Workers
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Summary:Understanding antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 is indispensable for the development of containment measures to overcome the current COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we determine the ability of sera from 101 recovered healthcare workers to neutralize both authentic SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus and address their antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein and spike receptor-binding domain. Interestingly, the majority of individuals have low neutralization capacity and only 6% of the healthcare workers showed high neutralizing titers against both authentic SARS-CoV-2 virus and the pseudotyped virus. We found the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection generates antigen-specific isotypes as well as a diverse combination of antibody isotypes, with high titers of IgG, IgM and IgA against both antigens correlating with neutralization capacity. Importantly, we found that neutralization correlated with antibody titers as quantified by ELISA. This suggests that an ELISA assay can be used to determine seroneutralization potential. Altogether, our work provides a snapshot of the SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody response in recovered healthcare workers and provides evidence that possessing multiple antibody isotypes may play an important role in SARS-CoV-2 neutralization. Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.
ISSN:2692-8205
DOI:10.1101/2020.08.15.252353