Proton beam defocusing in AWAKE: comparison of simulations and measurements

In 2017, AWAKE demonstrated the seeded self-modulation (SSM) of a 400 GeV proton beam from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at CERN. The angular distribution of the protons deflected due to SSM is a quantitative measure of the process, which agrees with simulations by the two-dimensional (axisymme...

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Published in:arXiv.org 2020-08
Main Authors: Gorn, A A, Turner, M, Adli, E, Agnello, R, Aladi, M, Andrebe, Y, Apsimon, O, Apsimon, R, A -M Bachmann, Baistrukov, M A, Batsch, F, Bergamaschi, M, Blanchard, P, Burrows, P N, Buttenschon, B, Caldwell, A, Chappell, J, Chevallay, E, Chung, M, Cooke, D A, Damerau, H, Davut, C, Demeter, G, Deubner, L H, Dexter, A, Djotyan, G P, Doebert, S, Farmer, J, Fasoli, A, Fedosseev, V N, Fiorito, R, Fonseca, R A, Friebel, F, Furno, I, Garolfi, L, Gessner, S, Goddard, B, Gorgisyan, I, Granados, E, Granetzny, M, Grulke, O, Gschwendtner, E, Hafych, V, Hartin, A, Helm, A, Henderson, J R, Howling, A, Huther, M, Jacquier, R, I Yu Kargapolov, Kedves, M A, Keeble, F, Kelisani, M D, S -Y Kim, Kraus, F, Krupa, M, Lefevre, T, Liang, L, Liu, S, Lopes, N, Lotov, K V, Martyanov, M, Mazzoni, S, D Medina Godoy, Minakov, V A, Moody, J T, Morales Guzman, P I, Moreira, M, Nechaeva, T, Panuganti, H, Pardons, A, F Pena Asmus, Perera, A, Petrenko, A, Pucek, J, Pukhov, A, Raczkevi, B, Ramjiawan, R L, Rey, S, Ruhl, H, Saberi, H, Schmitz, O, Senes, E, Sherwood, P, Silva, L O, Spitsyn, R I, Tuev, P V, Velotti, F, Verra, L, Verzilov, V A, Vieira, J, Welsch, C P, Williamson, B, Wing, M, Wolfenden, J, Woolley, B, Xia, G, Zepp, M, G Zevi Della Porta, The AWAKE Collaboration
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angular distribution
Defocusing
Density gradients
Particle in cell technique
Plasma density
Proton beams
Simulation
Synchrotrons
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Summary:In 2017, AWAKE demonstrated the seeded self-modulation (SSM) of a 400 GeV proton beam from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at CERN. The angular distribution of the protons deflected due to SSM is a quantitative measure of the process, which agrees with simulations by the two-dimensional (axisymmetric) particle-in-cell code LCODE. Agreement is achieved for beam populations between \(10^{11}\) and \(3 \times 10^{11}\) particles, various plasma density gradients (\(-20 \div 20\%\)) and two plasma densities (\(2\times 10^{14} \text{cm}^{-3}\) and \(7 \times 10^{14} \text{cm}^{-3}\)). The agreement is reached only in the case of a wide enough simulation box (at least five plasma wavelengths).
ISSN:2331-8422