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Modified vertical Bridgman method: Time and cost effective tool for preparation of Cs2HfCl6 single crystals

•Cs2HfCl6 single crystal preparation by miniaturized and standard Bridgman methods.•Cs2HfCl6 single-phase proved by XRD measurements.•Room temperature optical, luminescence, and scintillation properties of Cs2HfCl6.•Room temperature photoluminescence and scintillation decay kinetics of Cs2HfCl6. Tim...

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Published in:Journal of crystal growth 2020-03, Vol.533, p.125479, Article 125479
Main Authors: Vanecek, V., Kral, R., Paterek, J., Babin, V., Jary, V., Hybler, J., Kodama, S., Kurosawa, S., Yokota, Y., Yoshikawa, A., Nikl, M.
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-7bb7b1a95b7bd13c2f7d620806b5186fee799e3a1fc670b5027cdf55c27c660f3
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container_start_page 125479
container_title Journal of crystal growth
container_volume 533
creator Vanecek, V.
Kral, R.
Paterek, J.
Babin, V.
Jary, V.
Hybler, J.
Kodama, S.
Kurosawa, S.
Yokota, Y.
Yoshikawa, A.
Nikl, M.
description •Cs2HfCl6 single crystal preparation by miniaturized and standard Bridgman methods.•Cs2HfCl6 single-phase proved by XRD measurements.•Room temperature optical, luminescence, and scintillation properties of Cs2HfCl6.•Room temperature photoluminescence and scintillation decay kinetics of Cs2HfCl6. Time and cost effective methods are highly desirable in research and development of new scintillators. Modern techniques like micro-pulling down (μ-PD) are suitable for material screening but are unfit for the growth of some crystals. These crystals must be grown by different methods that are usually very time demanding. Modification of halide μ-PD apparatus by custom made elements allowed us to grow cesium hafnium chloride (Cs2HfCl6) by vertical Bridgman method (VB) with significantly reduced growth time. Structural and optical properties of samples prepared from as-grown crystals were studied and compared to crystals grown by standard VB method. The X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of cesium hafnium chloride single-phase and natural cleavage of the crystals along the (1 1 1) crystallographic plane. Photoluminescence emission, excitation, absorption, and radioluminescence spectroscopy revealed that the optical quality of the crystals grown by modified VB method was comparable to the quality of the crystals grown by standard VB method. Therefore we can use samples prepared by modified VB to estimate and optimize the performance of Cs2HfCl6 based crystals in scintillation detectors. This setup allows the time and cost-effective material screening and it is a powerful tool for the development of new halide based single crystal scintillators.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2020.125479
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Time and cost effective methods are highly desirable in research and development of new scintillators. Modern techniques like micro-pulling down (μ-PD) are suitable for material screening but are unfit for the growth of some crystals. These crystals must be grown by different methods that are usually very time demanding. Modification of halide μ-PD apparatus by custom made elements allowed us to grow cesium hafnium chloride (Cs2HfCl6) by vertical Bridgman method (VB) with significantly reduced growth time. Structural and optical properties of samples prepared from as-grown crystals were studied and compared to crystals grown by standard VB method. The X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of cesium hafnium chloride single-phase and natural cleavage of the crystals along the (1 1 1) crystallographic plane. 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Time and cost effective methods are highly desirable in research and development of new scintillators. Modern techniques like micro-pulling down (μ-PD) are suitable for material screening but are unfit for the growth of some crystals. These crystals must be grown by different methods that are usually very time demanding. Modification of halide μ-PD apparatus by custom made elements allowed us to grow cesium hafnium chloride (Cs2HfCl6) by vertical Bridgman method (VB) with significantly reduced growth time. Structural and optical properties of samples prepared from as-grown crystals were studied and compared to crystals grown by standard VB method. The X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of cesium hafnium chloride single-phase and natural cleavage of the crystals along the (1 1 1) crystallographic plane. 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Scintillator materials</subject><subject>Bridgman method</subject><subject>Cesium</subject><subject>Chlorides</subject><subject>Crystal growth</subject><subject>Crystal pulling</subject><subject>Crystal structure</subject><subject>Crystallography</subject><subject>Crystals</subject><subject>Hafnium</subject><subject>Optical properties</subject><subject>Photoluminescence</subject><subject>R&amp;D</subject><subject>Research &amp; development</subject><subject>Scintillation counters</subject><subject>Screening</subject><subject>Single crystals</subject><issn>0022-0248</issn><issn>1873-5002</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkMtOwzAQRS0EEqXwC8gS65SxkzgNK6DiJRWxgbXl2OPikMbFNpX4e1wV1mzmSqN753EIOWcwY8DEZT_rdfiOq-BnHHhu8rpq2gMyYfOmLGoAfkgmufICeDU_Jicx9gA5yWBCPp69cdahoVsMyWk10NvgzGqtRrrG9O7NFX11a6RqNFT7mChaizq5LdLk_UCtD3QTcKOCSs6P1Fu6iPzRLgZBoxtXA9LddUkN8ZQc2Sx49qtT8nZ_97p4LJYvD0-Lm2WhKxCpaLqu6Zhq6yyGlZrbxggOcxBdzebCIjZti6ViVosGuhp4o42ta51VCLDllFzs526C__zCmGTvv8KYV0pelS2wtmRldom9SwcfY0ArN8GtVfiWDOQOrOzlH1i5Ayv3YHPweh_E_MPWYZBROxw1GhcyGWm8-2_ED46mhbQ</recordid><startdate>20200301</startdate><enddate>20200301</enddate><creator>Vanecek, V.</creator><creator>Kral, R.</creator><creator>Paterek, J.</creator><creator>Babin, V.</creator><creator>Jary, V.</creator><creator>Hybler, J.</creator><creator>Kodama, S.</creator><creator>Kurosawa, S.</creator><creator>Yokota, Y.</creator><creator>Yoshikawa, A.</creator><creator>Nikl, M.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20200301</creationdate><title>Modified vertical Bridgman method: Time and cost effective tool for preparation of Cs2HfCl6 single crystals</title><author>Vanecek, V. ; Kral, R. ; Paterek, J. ; Babin, V. ; Jary, V. ; Hybler, J. ; Kodama, S. ; Kurosawa, S. ; Yokota, Y. ; Yoshikawa, A. ; Nikl, M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-7bb7b1a95b7bd13c2f7d620806b5186fee799e3a1fc670b5027cdf55c27c660f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>A1. 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subjects A1. Characterization
A1. Crystal structure
A2. Bridgman technique
B1. Halides
B2. Scintillator materials
Bridgman method
Cesium
Chlorides
Crystal growth
Crystal pulling
Crystal structure
Crystallography
Crystals
Hafnium
Optical properties
Photoluminescence
R&D
Research & development
Scintillation counters
Screening
Single crystals
title Modified vertical Bridgman method: Time and cost effective tool for preparation of Cs2HfCl6 single crystals
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