Improvement in fast Na-ion conduction in Na3+xCrxTi2−x(PO4)3 glass–ceramic electrolyte material for Na-ion batteries

In this report, efforts were made to investigate and characterize a variety of compositions in a glass system of general formula Na 3+ x Cr x Ti 2− x (PO 4 ) 3 ( x  = 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 mol%, designated as NCTP x ) to optimize their properties for use in Na-ion batteries. Several crystalline phas...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society 2020, Vol.17 (10), p.2637-2649
Main Authors: Gandi, Shyam Sundar, Gandi, Suman, Katari, Naresh Kumar, Mekprasart, Wanichaya, Pecharapa, Wisanu, Dutta, Dimple P., Ravuri, Balaji Rao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analytical Chemistry
Biochemistry
Ceramic powders
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Conduction
Correlation analysis
Crystallization
Electrical resistivity
Glass ceramics
Inorganic Chemistry
Ion currents
Organic Chemistry
Original Paper
Physical Chemistry
Rechargeable batteries
Sodium-ion batteries
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Summary:In this report, efforts were made to investigate and characterize a variety of compositions in a glass system of general formula Na 3+ x Cr x Ti 2− x (PO 4 ) 3 ( x  = 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 mol%, designated as NCTP x ) to optimize their properties for use in Na-ion batteries. Several crystalline phases such as Na 3 Ti 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (COD-4106515) (NASICON), Cr 2 O 3 (ICSD-25781) and Cr(PO 3 ) 3 (ICSD-39410) are precipitated during the process of crystallization. The microstructures of all the glass and glass–ceramic samples are analyzed using SEM and are correlated with powder XRD to explain the ionic conductivity for a given glass–ceramic sample. Single semicircle in the complex impedance plots clearly suggests that the present NCTP x glass samples exhibit a predominantly single-ion conduction mechanism. Electrical conductivity data follow the Arrhenius equation. The power-law exponent ‘ s ’ is observed to be the lowest (0.70) for the best conducting glass–ceramic sample NTCP 0.5 (4.24 × 10 −4  S/cm). The electrical modulus study proves that the conductivity relaxation of NCTP x glass–ceramic samples is temperature independent. Scaling behavior in the normalized spectra indicates that frequency-dependent relaxation behavior is unaffected by the temperature. Graphic abstract
ISSN:1735-207X
1735-2428
DOI:10.1007/s13738-020-01960-9