Solution-phase growth of tin oxide (SnO2) nanostructures: Structural, optical and photocatalytic properties

•Synthesis of Tin dioxide (SnO2) nanocrystals in the form of rods, flowers and spheres via solution phase growth technique.•Tetragonal structure of SnO2 nanocrystals.•Increase of grain size of nanostructures with increase in reaction time and temperature.•Decrease of bandgaps with increasing size of...

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Published in:Materials science & engineering. B, Solid-state materials for advanced technology Solid-state materials for advanced technology, 2020-08, Vol.258, p.114568, Article 114568
Main Authors: Mahmood, Hasan, Khan, M.A., Mohuddin, Bilal, Iqbal, Tariq
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bandgaps
Chemical synthesis
Crystalline SnO2
Energy gap
Flowers
Fourier transforms
Grain size
Morphology
Nanocrystals
Nanorods & nanoflowers
Nanostructure
Optical properties
Photo-degradation
Photocatalysis
Photodegradation
Reaction time
Rhodamine
Spectroscopic analysis
Spectrum analysis
Structural analysis
Tin dioxide
Tin oxides
X-ray diffraction
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Summary:•Synthesis of Tin dioxide (SnO2) nanocrystals in the form of rods, flowers and spheres via solution phase growth technique.•Tetragonal structure of SnO2 nanocrystals.•Increase of grain size of nanostructures with increase in reaction time and temperature.•Decrease of bandgaps with increasing size of nano-grains.•Quantum confinement effect at small particle size.•Presentation of promising photocatalytic behavior. Tin dioxide (SnO2) nanostructures have been synthesized successfully via solution phase growth technique. Effect of reaction temperature, time and surfactant on morphology, size and bandgap has been studied. The rods, flowers, and spheres like morphologies of SnO2 have been observed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Structural analysis of synthesized SnO2 has been carried out by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). XRD peaks revealed the tetragonal structure of SnO2 nanocrystals. The increase in grain size was observed with an increase in reaction time and reaction temperature of the synthesis process. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) has been employed to study the vibrational modes. Optical properties of the SnO2 nanostructures have also been studied by UV–vis spectroscopy. The energy bandgap of the as-prepared SnO2 nanocrystals were estimated between 3.76 eV and 4.05 eV. Photocatalytic activities of SnO2 nanostructures were studied on Rhodamine B (Rhd B) dye under solar light illumination. Approximately 91% degradation of Rhd B was observed with as-synthesized SnO2 nanostructures.
ISSN:0921-5107
1873-4944
DOI:10.1016/j.mseb.2020.114568