GC × GC-MS analysis and hypolipidemic effects of polyphenol extracts from Shanxi-aged vinegar in rats under a high fat diet

• Published in: Food & function 2020-09, Vol.11 (9), p.7468-748
• Main Authors: Du, Peng, Zhou, Junhan, Zhang, Li, Zhang, Jiaojiao, Li, Nan, Zhao, Chaoya, Tu, Linna, Zheng, Yu, Xia, Ting, Luo, Jianmei, Song, Jia, Wang, Min
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetic Acid - chemistry; Acetic Acid - metabolism; Animals; Bacteria - classification; Bacteria - genetics; Bacteria - isolation & purification; Bacteria - metabolism; China; Chromatography, Gas; Community ecology; Correlation analysis; Diet; Diet, High-Fat - adverse effects; Digestive system; Disorders; Flora; Gas chromatography; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gastrointestinal tract; High fat diet; Humans; Hyperlipidemia; Hyperlipoproteinemias - diet therapy; Hyperlipoproteinemias - etiology; Hyperlipoproteinemias - metabolism; Hyperlipoproteinemias - microbiology; Hypolipidemic Agents - chemistry; Hypolipidemic Agents - metabolism; Indicators; Inflammation; Intestinal microflora; Intestine; Lipids; Male; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Metabolic disorders; Microbiota; Microorganisms; Oxidative Stress; Phenolic acids; Phenols; Polyphenols; Polyphenols - chemistry; Polyphenols - metabolism; Probiotics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Relative abundance; Signs and symptoms; Vinegar
• ISSN: 2042-6496; 2042-650X
• DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01266a

Oxidative stress, inflammation and gut microbiota disorders can be induced by long-term high-fat diets (HFD). In order to confirm that polyphenols can improve these symptoms, polyphenols from Shanxi-aged vinegar (SAVEP) were extracted, and the components were detected by Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC × GC-MS). 41 polyphenols include 18 phenolic acids and 17 polyphenols, which have not been reported. The mechanism of SAVEP on oxidative stress and inflammatory stress induced by HFD in rats and its regulating effect on intestinal flora disorder were studied. The results showed that SAVEP could significantly improve the lipid, inflammatory stress and oxidative stress related indicators compared with the Model group ("Model" refers to the group that successfully constructed a hyperlipidemia model by feeding HFD without any drugs or SAVEP in subsequent experiments.). In addition, SAVEP decreased the Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes ratio compared with the Model group, and elevated the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. Conclusively, SAVEP can alleviate the oxidative stress and inflammatory stress caused by HFD, improving intestinal microbial disorders. The Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that Desulfovibrio , Lactobacillus and Akkermansia were correlated negatively with all of the inflammatory indicators, whereas Ruminococcus was the opposite. These results suggest that SAVEP may be a novel strategy against oxidative stress and inflammation, restoring the normal microbial community ecology of the gut and the treatment of metabolic syndromes. Polyphenols extracted from Shanxi-aged vinegar (SAVEP) can alleviate oxidative stress and inflammatory stress caused by high-fat diets, improving intestinal microbial disorders. SAVEP may be a novel treatment of the metabolic syndrome.