The Dual Isotopic Composition of Nitrate in the Gulf of Mexico and Florida Straits

The Gulf of Mexico receives considerable riverine nutrient inputs that contribute to eutrophication of northern shelf waters. However, it is unclear whether a significant fraction of these riverine nutrients delivered to the Gulf of Mexico are subsequently exported from the Gulf, potentially influen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of geophysical research. Oceans 2020-09, Vol.125 (9), p.n/a
Main Authors: Howe, Samantha, Miranda, Carlos, Hayes, Christopher T., Letscher, Robert T., Knapp, Angela N.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chemical composition
Composition
Eutrophication
Exports
Fluxes
Geophysics
Gulf of Mexico
Isotope composition
Isotopes
Mineral nutrients
Mississippi River
nitrate
nitrate isotopes
Nitrates
Nitrogen
Nutrients
Profiles
Straits
Thermocline
Water circulation
Water column
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Summary:The Gulf of Mexico receives considerable riverine nutrient inputs that contribute to eutrophication of northern shelf waters. However, it is unclear whether a significant fraction of these riverine nutrients delivered to the Gulf of Mexico are subsequently exported from the Gulf, potentially influencing the chemistry of the North Atlantic. Here, we report the first dual isotopic composition (“δ15N” and “δ18O”) measurements of nitrate (NO3−) from three profiles collected in different years in the Gulf of Mexico, as well as a new profile from the Florida Straits. We compare these new measurements with prior measurements from the North and South Atlantic, as well as with the magnitude of riverine and other nitrogen fluxes to the Gulf of Mexico. We find that in the upper thermocline, NO3− δ15N measurements from the Gulf of Mexico are intermediate between prior measurements in the Sargasso Sea (lower in NO3− δ15N), and those from the South Atlantic (higher in NO3− δ15N), but are indistinguishable from Florida Straits and Sargasso Sea profiles on deeper isopycnal surfaces. There is little evidence for riverine NO3− influencing the isotopic composition of NO3− exported from the Gulf of Mexico, which, based on its δ15N, would be expected to raise the δ15N of shallow NO3−. Lesser nitrogen fluxes are too small to significantly influence the isotopic composition of water column NO3− in the Gulf of Mexico. These results are consistent with recent modeling work suggesting that the majority of riverine nutrients are retained in the nearshore region. Key Points We report NO3−+NO2− δ15N and δ18O profiles from three different years in the Gulf of Mexico and one in the Florida Straits We find no evidence for Mississippi‐Atchafalya River Systems nitrate accumulating in waters exported from the Gulf of Mexico Circulation sets the primary features in water column NO3−+NO2− δ15N and δ18O profiles in the Gulf of Mexico
ISSN:2169-9275
2169-9291
DOI:10.1029/2020JC016047