An efficient message broadcasting MAC protocol for VANETs

• Published in: Wireless networks 2020-11, Vol.26 (8), p.6043-6057
• Main Authors: Lin, Zhiping, Sun, Yanglong, Tang, Yuliang, Liu, Zhaohui
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Access control; Bandwidths; Broadcasting; Collision dynamics; Communication; Communications Engineering; Communications systems; Computer Communication Networks; Electrical Engineering; Engineering; Frame structures; IT in Business; Markov chains; Markov processes; Messages; Mobile ad hoc networks; Network latency; Networks; Topology; Traffic congestion; Vehicle safety; Vehicles; Wireless networks
• ISSN: 1022-0038; 1572-8196
• DOI: 10.1007/s11276-020-02415-y

Future vehicular communication systems must provide inter-vehicle communication to ensure driving safety, and broadcasting safety messages to neighboring vehicles is a critical strategy. However, due to high mobility and variable topology, collisions may occur in message broadcasting. Moreover, channel utilization is also a great challenge for protocol design in a large-scale vehicular network. In this paper, we propose a novel frame structure and then design an efficient messages broadcasting MAC protocol, which allows beacon and emergency messages to share the channel and thus saves bandwidth resources. By distinguishing the priority of these two types messages and setting channel resource preemption mechanism, the protocol greatly reduces message collision probability and meets the latency requirements. In addition, we use Markov model and birth-death process to analyze the performance of channel access and emergency latency, respectively. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed protocol.