U-Slot Patch Antenna Principle and Design Methodology Using Characteristic Mode Analysis and Coupled Mode Theory

Patch antennas incorporating a U-shaped slot are well-known to have relatively large (about 30%) impedance bandwidths. This work uses characteristic mode analysis (CMA) to explain the impedance behavior of a classic U-slot patch geometry in terms of coupled mode theory and shows the relevant modes a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE access 2019-01, Vol.7, p.109375-109385
Main Authors: Borchardt, John J., Lapointe, Tyler C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antenna
Antenna design
Broadband
broadband antenna
Broadband antennas
Characteristic mode analysis
coupled mode theory
Coupled modes
Couplings
Design engineering
Design methodology
Equivalent circuits
Impedance
microstrip antenna
OTHER INSTRUMENTATION
patch antenna
Patch antennas
Probes
Resonant frequencies
Resonant frequency
Resonators
U-slot antenna
U-slot patch antenna
wideband antenna
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Description
Summary:Patch antennas incorporating a U-shaped slot are well-known to have relatively large (about 30%) impedance bandwidths. This work uses characteristic mode analysis (CMA) to explain the impedance behavior of a classic U-slot patch geometry in terms of coupled mode theory and shows the relevant modes are in-phase and anti-phase coupled modes whose resonant frequencies are governed by coupled mode theory. Additional analysis shows that one uncoupled resonator is the conventional TM 01 patch mode and the other is a lumped LC resonator involving the slot and the probe. An equivalent circuit model for the antenna is given wherein element values are extracted from CMA data and which explicitly demonstrates coupling between these two resonators. The circuit model approximately reproduces the impedance locus of the driven simulation. A design methodology based on coupled mode theory and guided by CMA is presented that allows wideband U-slot patch geometries to be designed quickly and efficiently. The methodology is illustrated through example.
ISSN:2169-3536
2169-3536
DOI:10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2933175