Challenges, recent advances and improvements for enhancing the efficiencies of ABX3-based PeLEDs (perovskites light emitting diodes): A review

• Published in: Journal of alloys and compounds 2021-01, Vol.850, p.156827, Article 156827
• Main Authors: Tiwari, Ashish, Satpute, Nutan S., Mehare, Chaitali M., Dhoble, S.J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alternative PeLEDs; Charge injection; Charge materials; Charge transport; Commercialization; Crystal environment; Crystal structure; Device architecture; Electronic structure; Emitters; Excitons; Luminescence efficiency; Optimization; Optoelectronics; Organic light emitting diodes; PeLED; Perovskites; Radiative recombination; Solid state devices
• ISSN: 0925-8388; 1873-4669
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.156827

Perovskites based LEDs (PeLEDs) have emerged as solid-state devices with sharp linewidths and economical as compared to the organic light-emitting diodes. Several factors contribute to limit the performances of the PeLED devices and hence this review systematically accounts for the main issues that PeLEDs face in their commercialization in light industries. Modification of the cation size via A-site substitution and substitutions at B- and X-sites have been dealt in detail and fine-tuning of electronic structure and optoelectronic properties due to the change in the crystal environment has also been emphasized. The dynamics of the photo-excited state, charge transport, electronic structure, non-radiative recombination, pin-hole formation, exciton confinement have been discussed in detail to improve the PeLED performance. The methods for post-synthesis transformation and low-cost solution-based fabrication have been discussed. We also address the novel studies on quasi-2D perovskites for high spectral stability and other passivating systems. The suggestions have been made for next-generation PeLEDs based on the search for novel emitter material, optimization of charge injection, and light extraction efficiencies. The efficiencies of PeLEDs can be boosted by employing various light-outcoupling techniques have also been demonstrated. [Display omitted] •Perovskites based LEDs (PeLEDs) are economical as compared to the organic light emitting diodes.•The review deals with the issues PeLEDs face in their commercialization in light industries.•Modification of crystals sites and fine-tuning of electronic structure and optoelectronic properties has been discussed.•Various photodynamic parameters have been discussed in detail to improve the PeLED performance.•The suggestions of next-generation PeLEDs by optimizing charge injection and light extraction have been proposed.