Human toxocariasis

Parasitic nematodes of the genus Toxocara are socioeconomically important zoonotic pathogens. These parasites are usually directly transmitted to the human host via the faecal–oral route and can cause toxocariasis and associated complications, including allergic and neurological disorders. Although...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Lancet infectious diseases 2018-01, Vol.18 (1), p.e14-e24
Main Authors: Ma, Guangxu, Holland, Celia V, Wang, Tao, Hofmann, Andreas, Fan, Chia-Kwung, Maizels, Rick M, Hotez, Peter J, Gasser, Robin B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adults
Animal cognition
Animals
Antibodies
Antigens
Asthma
Communicable Disease Control - methods
Disease control
Disease Management
Disease transmission
Disease Transmission, Infectious - prevention & control
Drug discovery
Epidemiology
Fever
Food contamination & poisoning
Geographical distribution
Global Health
Health aspects
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
Immunology
Infections
Infectious diseases
Medical colleges
MicroRNAs
Nematoda
Nematodes
Nervous system diseases
Neurological complications
Neurological diseases
Oral administration
Pain
Parasites
Parasitic diseases
Pathogenesis
Prevalence
Pruritus
Public health
Roundworm infections
Serology
Topography, Medical
Toxocara
Toxocara - physiology
Toxocariasis
Toxocariasis - diagnosis
Toxocariasis - drug therapy
Toxocariasis - epidemiology
Toxocariasis - pathology
Zoology
Zoonoses
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Description
Summary:Parasitic nematodes of the genus Toxocara are socioeconomically important zoonotic pathogens. These parasites are usually directly transmitted to the human host via the faecal–oral route and can cause toxocariasis and associated complications, including allergic and neurological disorders. Although tens of millions of people are estimated to be exposed to or infected with Toxocara spp, global epidemiological information on the relationship between seropositivity and toxocariasis is limited. Recent findings suggest that the effect of toxocariasis on human health is increasing in some countries. Here we review the salient background on Toxocara and biology, summarise key aspects of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of toxocariasis, describe what is known about its geographic distribution and prevalence, and make some recommendations for future research towards the prevention and control of this important disease.
ISSN:1473-3099
1474-4457
DOI:10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30331-6