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Advantage of Quantum Theory over Nonclassical Models of Communication

Quantum correlations provide dramatic advantage over the corresponding classical resources in several communication tasks. However, a broad class of probabilistic theories exists that attributes greater success than quantum theory in many of these tasks by allowing supra‐quantum correlations in “spa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annalen der Physik 2020-12, Vol.532 (12), p.n/a
Main Authors: Saha, Sutapa, Bhattacharya, Some Sankar, Guha, Tamal, Halder, Saronath, Banik, Manik
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Quantum correlations provide dramatic advantage over the corresponding classical resources in several communication tasks. However, a broad class of probabilistic theories exists that attributes greater success than quantum theory in many of these tasks by allowing supra‐quantum correlations in “space‐like” and/or “time‐like” paradigms. In this letter, a communication task involving three spatially separated parties is proposed where one party (verifier) aims to verify whether the bit strings possessed by the other two parties (terminals) are equal or not. This task is called authentication with limited communication, the restrictions on communication being: i) the terminals cannot communicate with each other, but (ii) each of them can communicate with the verifier through single use of channels with limited capacity. Manifestly, classical resources are not sufficient for perfect success of this task. Moreover, it is also not possible to perform this task with certainty in several nonclassical theories although they might possess stronger “space‐like” and/or “time‐like” correlations. Surprisingly, quantum resources can achieve the perfect winning strategy. The proposed task thus stands apart from all previously known communication tasks as it exhibits quantum advantage over other nonclassical strategies. Quantum mechanics provides an accurate account of nature. But when seen in fragments, theories which demonstrate ‘stronger than quantum’ non‐classical features cannot be excluded. Is quantum mechanics special when viewed as a whole? We attempt answering this question through a communication task. Results hint towards the possibility of singling out quantum mechanics from the space of non‐classical theories.
ISSN:0003-3804
1521-3889
DOI:10.1002/andp.202000334