Microfacies analysis and depositional environments of the Upper Cretaceous Fort Munro Formation in the Rakhi Nala Section, Sulaiman range, Pakistan

The Fort Munro Formation is 200-m-thick mixed carbonate–siliciclastic succession of Late Cretaceous (Campanian) age exposed at the Rakhi Nala Section, Sulaiman Range, Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan. The Fort Munro Formation is representing thin- to thick-bedded limestone with interbedded marls, shale a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Carbonates and evaporites 2020-12, Vol.35 (4), Article 104
Main Authors: Rizwan, Muhammad, Hanif, Muhammad, Ali, Nowrad, Ur Rehman, Maqsood
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Carbonate sand
Carbonates
Cretaceous
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Geology
Isotopes
Lagoons
Limestone
Mineral Resources
Mineralogy
Original Article
Sandstone
Sedimentary environments
Sedimentary facies
Sedimentary rocks
Sediments
Shale
Shoals
Storms
Tectonics
Uplift
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Summary:The Fort Munro Formation is 200-m-thick mixed carbonate–siliciclastic succession of Late Cretaceous (Campanian) age exposed at the Rakhi Nala Section, Sulaiman Range, Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan. The Fort Munro Formation is representing thin- to thick-bedded limestone with interbedded marls, shale and sandstone. Detailed microfacies analysis revealed the recognition of 15 microfacies types (11 carbonate and 4 sandstone). These facies were deposited on both inner and middle ramp platform. The inner ramp sediments are more widespread than the corresponding middle ramp including open-marine, skeletal shoals, semi-restricted, carbonate sand shoals and banks and lagoon depositional environments. The uppermost part of the Fort Munro Formation has received sufficient amount of siliciclasts, thereby producing a sandstone texture. These siliciclasts indicate the tectonic uplift, which thereby increases the source area rejuvenation. Therefore, a mixed carbonate–siliciclastic, moderately storm-dominated homoclinal ramp depositional environment is suggested for the Fort Munro Formation.
ISSN:0891-2556
1878-5212
DOI:10.1007/s13146-020-00639-9