L-Asparaginases of Extremophilic Microorganisms in Biomedicine

• Published in: Biochemistry (Moscow). Supplement. Series B, Biomedical chemistry Biomedical chemistry, 2020-10, Vol.14 (4), p.277-296
• Main Authors: Dumina, M. V., Eldarov, M. A., Zdanov, D. D., Sokolov, N. N.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acrylamide; Acute lymphoblastic leukemia; Asparaginase; Asparagine; Bioorganic Chemistry; Biosensors; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Cold tolerance; Enzymes; Food industry; Immunoproliferative diseases; L-asparaginase; Lymphatic leukemia; Lymphocytes; Medicinal Chemistry; Microorganisms; Neurotoxicity; Physicochemical properties; Structure-function relationships; Thermal stability
• ISSN: 1990-7508; 1990-7516
• DOI: 10.1134/S1990750820040046

— L-asparaginase is widely used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and several other lymphoproliferative diseases. In addition to its biomedical application, L-asparaginase is used in food industry to reduce the level of acrylamide, which is considered as neurotoxic and carcinogenic agent to humans, and in biosensors for determination of the L-asparagine level in biochemistry and food chemistry. In view of great significance of L-asparaginases in different fields, disadvantages of commercial enzymes, and the wide distribution of the enzyme in nature there is a need for novel L-asparaginases from new sources. In this context, extremophilic microorganisms exhibiting unique physiological properties such as thermal stability, adaptation to extreme cold conditions, salt, and pH tolerance attract much interest as one of the most valuable sources for novel L-asparaginases. The results of of structural, functional studies, physico-chemical properties, kinetic characteristics, and stability of L-asparaginases from extremophilic microorganisms suggest the prospect of using these enzymes in biology and medicine.