Sap Beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in Oak Forests of Two Northeastern States: A Comparison of Trapping Methods and Monitoring for Phoretic Fungi

Oak wilt is slowly expanding in the northeastern United States. Several nitidulid beetle species are known vectors of the fungus [Bretziella fagacearum (Bretz) Z. W. De Beer, Marinc., T. A. Duong, and M. J. Wingf (Microascales: Ceratocystidaceae)] that causes this disease, acquiring spores from fung...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of economic entomology 2020-12, Vol.113 (6), p.2758-2771
Main Authors: DiGirolomo, Marc F., Munck, Isabel A., Dodds, Kevin J., Cancelliere, Jessica
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Animals
Ascomycota
Beetles
Coleoptera
detection
Diagnosis
Disease transmission
FOREST ENTOMOLOGY
Forests
Fungi
Methods
multiple-funnel trap
Nitidulidae
oak wilt
Pheromones
Pitfall traps
Plant diseases
Quercus
sap beetle
Species
Spores
survey
Surveys
Trapping
Trees
Wilt
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Summary:Oak wilt is slowly expanding in the northeastern United States. Several nitidulid beetle species are known vectors of the fungus [Bretziella fagacearum (Bretz) Z. W. De Beer, Marinc., T. A. Duong, and M. J. Wingf (Microascales: Ceratocystidaceae)] that causes this disease, acquiring spores from fungal mats on infected trees and transmitting them to uninfected trees. Survey and fungal isolation from captured nitidulid beetles could be an important tool for detecting the presence of this disease in a geographic area not previously known to have oak wilt. In preparation for monitoring activities in such areas, two trapping studies were conducted in the northeastern United States: 1) trap test comparing the efficacy of wind-oriented pipe, multiple-funnel, and modified pitfall traps for nitidulids and 2) wet and dry collection cup comparison. Lures were a combination of nitidulid pheromones and fermenting liquid. Results support the use of multiple-funnel traps over the other two trap types, for both targeted species-specific surveys and community sampling. More total nitidulids, Colopterus truncatus (Randall), and Glischrochilus fasciatus (Olivier) were captured in wet collection cups compared with dry cups. Twenty-seven fungal species were isolated, none of which were B. fagacearum. Many fungi isolated from beetles were plant pathogens, indicating that in addition to the oak wilt fungus, sap beetles may contribute to the spread of other plant diseases.
ISSN:0022-0493
1938-291X
DOI:10.1093/jee/toaa195