Influence of multiple scan fields on the processing of 316L stainless steel using laser powder bed fusion

• Published in: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part L, Journal of materials, design and applications Journal of materials, design and applications, 2021-01, Vol.235 (1), p.19-41
• Main Authors: Leça, TC, Silva, TEF, Jesus, AMP de, Neto, Rui L, Alves, Jorge L, Pereira, JP
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Additive manufacturing; Austenitic stainless steels; Dimensional tolerances; Lasers; Mechanical properties; Parameter identification; Porosity; Post-production processing; Powder beds; Process parameters; Thickness; Tolerances
• ISSN: 1464-4207; 2041-3076
• DOI: 10.1177/1464420720948541

The sharp growth that additive manufacturing has been showing recently has broadened its application field and resulted in more varied demand of high-volume parts as well as a general increase in part series. The current focus on productivity enhancement of additive manufacturing has imposed the implementation of multiple-laser systems with larger scan fields. Its usage, combined with adequate layer thickness and laser power selection, makes high-volume parts less challenging to obtain. This paper focuses on understanding the influence of using multiple-scan fields for the fabrication of large components, especially on the parts region corresponding to scan field interface. The microstructure as well as mechanical behaviour of the multi-field manufactured samples are compared with parts fabricated using a single-field, for distinct processing parameters. Moreover, given the unreliability of additive manufacturing regarding dimensional and geometrical tolerances with increasing build rates, post-processing metal-cutting operations were studied towards additive manufacturing process hybridization. Despite the typical additive manufacturing process variability, a set of parameters, within testing conditions, could be identified as the most appropriate solution towards mechanical strength enhancement. Nonetheless, porosity levels can significantly impact the ductility of parts, which may be additionally compromised by its occurrence in the scan-field interface region.