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Development and Initial Factor Validation of the French Conformity to the Sport Ethic Scale (CSES)

Coker-Cranney, Watson, Bernstein, Voelker, and Coakley (2018) recently stressed the need for the development and validation of a questionnaire that assesses a young athlete's level of conformity to sport ethic norms. The objective of this study was to develop and begin an initial factor validat...

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Published in:Canadian journal of behavioural science 2020-10, Vol.52 (4), p.331-336
Main Authors: Parent, Sylvie, Fortier, Kristine, Vaillancourt-Morel, Marie-Pier, Lessard, Geneviève, Goulet, Claude, Demers, Guylaine, Paradis, Hélène, Hartill, Mike
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Coker-Cranney, Watson, Bernstein, Voelker, and Coakley (2018) recently stressed the need for the development and validation of a questionnaire that assesses a young athlete's level of conformity to sport ethic norms. The objective of this study was to develop and begin an initial factor validation of the Conformity to the Sport Ethic Scale (CSES), a scale assessing the conformity of teenage athletes from all competition levels to these sport ethic norms. Following the steps suggested by DeVellis (2012) for scale development and validation, a convenience sample of 1,096 French Canadian athletes between 14 and 18 years and who participated in an organized sport were recruited to partake in an online study assessing their conformity to the sport ethic. The CSES was developed to include 4 dimensions based on the qualitative work of Hughes and Coakley (1991), namely, self-sacrifice, striving for distinction, accepting risks/playing through pain, and refusing to accept limits. To identify latent factors underlying the CSES, exploratory structural equation modelling was performed using Mplus Version 8.0. The CSES includes 20 items in 3 factors: striving for distinction (6 items), self-sacrifice (4 items), and refusing to accept limits (10 items). The resulting factor structure was invariant between boys and girls. Internal consistency of these subscales was acceptable. All correlations between subscales were significant. This tool is the first step to measure conformity to the sport ethic norms and will allow for further research in this area. Coker-Cranney, Watson, Bernstein, Voelker, et Coakley (2018) ont récemment souligné la nécessité d'élaborer et de valider un questionnaire servant à évaluer dans quelle mesure un jeune athlète respecte les normes de l'éthique sportive. L'étude avait pour objectif d'élaborer et d'entreprendre un processus préalable de validation des facteurs de l'Échelle de respect de l'éthique sportive (Conformity to the Sport Ethic Scale, ou CSES), une échelle évaluant le respect de ces normes de l'éthique sportive par les athlètes adolescents de tous niveaux. Suite aux étapes suggérées par DeVellis (2012) pour l'élaboration et la validation d'une telle échelle, 1096 jeunes athlètes canadiens-français âgés de 14 à 18 ans qui ont participé à un sport organisé ont été recrutés en tant qu'échantillon de commodité pour participer à une étude en ligne évaluant leur degré de respect de l'éthique sportive. La CSES est assortie de quatre dimension
ISSN:0008-400X
1879-2669
DOI:10.1037/cbs0000168