A review on catalytic & non-catalytic bio-oil upgrading in supercritical fluids

This review article summarizes the key published research on the topic of bio-oil upgrading using catalytic and non-catalytic supercritical fluid (SCF) conditions. The precious metal catalysts Pd, Ru and Pt on various supports are frequently chosen for catalytic bio-oil upgrading in SCFs. This is re...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers of chemical science and engineering 2021-02, Vol.15 (1), p.4-17
Main Authors: Omar, Sainab, Yang, Yang, Wang, Jiawei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Calorific value
Catalysts
Catalytic activity
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Esterification
Ethanol
Hydrocracking
Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering
Nanotechnology
Noble metals
Palladium
Platinum
Review Article
Supercritical fluids
Upgrading
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Summary:This review article summarizes the key published research on the topic of bio-oil upgrading using catalytic and non-catalytic supercritical fluid (SCF) conditions. The precious metal catalysts Pd, Ru and Pt on various supports are frequently chosen for catalytic bio-oil upgrading in SCFs. This is reportedly due to their favourable catalytic activity during the process including hydrotreating, hydrocracking, and esterification, which leads to improvements in liquid yield, heating value, and pH of the upgraded bio-oil. Due to the costs associated with precious metal catalysts, some researchers have opted for non-precious metal catalysts such as acidic HZSM-5 which can promote esterification in supercritical ethanol. On the other hand, SCFs have been effectively used to upgrade crude bio-oil without a catalyst. Supercritical methanol, ethanol, and water are most commonly used and demonstrate catalyst like activities such as facilitating esterification reactions and reducing solid yield by alcoholysis and hydrolysis, respectively.
ISSN:2095-0179
2095-0187
DOI:10.1007/s11705-020-1933-x