Impact of reduced rates of dicamba and glyphosate on sweetpotato growth and yield

• Published in: Weed technology 2021-02, Vol.35 (1), p.27-34
• Main Authors: Batts, Thomas M, Miller, Donnie K., Griffin, James L., Villordon, Arthur O., Stephenson, Daniel O, Jennings, Kathrine M., Chaudhari, Sushila, Blouin, David C., Copes, Josh T., Smith, Tara P.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural production; Contamination; crop injury; Crop yield; Crops; Glyphosate; Herbicides; Injury prevention; Ipomoea batatas; Methylamine; off-target herbicide injury; reduced rate; Root development; Salt; Salts; Sprays; Weeds
• ISSN: 0890-037X; 1550-2740
• DOI: 10.1017/wet.2020.54

A major concern of sweetpotato producers is the potential negative effects from herbicide drift or sprayer contamination events when dicamba is applied to nearby dicamba-resistant crops. A field study was initiated in 2014 and repeated in 2015 to assess the effects of reduced rates of N,N-Bis-(3-aminopropyl)methylamine (BAPMA) or diglycloamine (DGA) salt of dicamba, glyphosate, or a combination of these individually in separate trials with glyphosate on sweetpotato. Reduced rates of 1/10, 1/100, 1/250, 1/500, 1/750, and 1/1,000 of the 1× use rate of each dicamba formulation at 0.56 kg ha–1, glyphosate at 1.12 kg ha–1, and a combination of the two at aforementioned rates were applied to ‘Beauregard’ sweetpotato at storage root formation (10 d after transplanting) in one trial and storage root development (30 d after transplanting) in a separate trial. Injury with each salt of dicamba (BAPMA or DGA) applied alone or with glyphosate was generally equal to or greater than glyphosate applied alone at equivalent rates, indicating that injury is most attributable to the dicamba in the combination. There was a quadratic increase in crop injury and a quadratic decrease in crop yield (with respect to most yield grades) observed with an increased herbicide rate of dicamba applied alone or in combination with glyphosate applied at storage root development. However, with a few exceptions, neither this relationship nor the significance of herbicide rate was observed on crop injury or sweetpotato yield when herbicide application occurred at the storage root formation stage. In general, crop injury and yield reduction were greatest at the highest rate (1/10×) of either salt of dicamba applied alone or in combination with glyphosate, although injury observed at lower rates would be cause for concern after initial observation by sweetpotato producers. However, in some cases yield reduction of No.1 and marketable grades was observed following 1/250×, 1/100×, or 1/10× application rates of dicamba alone or with glyphosate when applied at storage root development. Nomenclature: dicamba; glyphosate; sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam