3D printed coaxial microwave resonator sensor for dielectric measurements of liquid

This paper presents a coaxial resonator for dielectric measurements of low and medium loss liquids at multiple resonance frequencies up to 8 GHz with the fundamental transverse electromagnetic (TEM) resonant mode at 2 GHz. The measurement is by filling the entire resonator cavity with the material u...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Microwave and optical technology letters 2021-03, Vol.63 (3), p.805-810
Main Authors: Mohammed, Ali Musa, Wang, Yi, Lancaster, Michael J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3D printing
Acetone
Algorithms
Approximation
Broadband
Cavity resonators
coaxial resonators
Crude oil
Dielectric properties
liquids
Mathematical analysis
permittivity
Perturbation
Q factors
quality factor
Resonance
Systematic errors
Tangents
Three dimensional printing
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:This paper presents a coaxial resonator for dielectric measurements of low and medium loss liquids at multiple resonance frequencies up to 8 GHz with the fundamental transverse electromagnetic (TEM) resonant mode at 2 GHz. The measurement is by filling the entire resonator cavity with the material under test and the permittivity of the material is readily extracted using simple equations. This technique provides an easy and accurate extraction method of dielectric properties without any analytical approximation and dedicated software algorithm as used in broadband open coaxial probes or the complex perturbation formula in resonator‐based methods. This significantly reduces the risk of systematic errors from the model approximation. The measured quality factor of the resonator is 2650 to 3500 depending on the resonant mode. This allows for the measurement of samples with loss tangents up to 0.05 (Acetone taken as a reference). The device was made by 3D printing and verified by measurements of several common solvents at all four resonance frequencies. The results obtained agree well with values reported in literature. Further measurements of crude oil samples were carried out and results confirmed with values obtained using other techniques.
ISSN:0895-2477
1098-2760
DOI:10.1002/mop.32679