Racial Disproportionality and Disparities in the Child Welfare System: Why Do They Exist, and What Can Be Done to Address Them?

Children of color are overrepresented in the child welfare system, and Black children have been most significantly impacted by this racial disproportionality. Racial disproportionality in child welfare exists because of influences that are both external to child welfare systems and part of the child...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 2020-11, Vol.692 (1), p.253-274
Main Authors: Dettlaff, Alan J., Boyd, Reiko
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Black people
Black youth
Child welfare
Children
Families & family life
Intervention
Racial differences
Racial discrimination
Racial inequality
Systemic racism
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Summary:Children of color are overrepresented in the child welfare system, and Black children have been most significantly impacted by this racial disproportionality. Racial disproportionality in child welfare exists because of influences that are both external to child welfare systems and part of the child welfare system. We summarize the causes of racial disproportionality, arguing that internal and external causes of disproportional involvement originate from a common underlying factor: structural and institutional racism that is both within child welfare systems and part of society at large. Further, we review options for addressing racial disproportionality, arguing that it needs to be rectified because of the harm it causes Black children and families and that forcible separation of children from their parents can no longer be viewed as an acceptable form of intervention for families in need.
ISSN:0002-7162
1552-3349
DOI:10.1177/0002716220980329