Loading…

Evaluation of Titania-Rich Slag Produced from Titaniferous Magnetite Under Fluxless Smelting Conditions

Titanium-bearing magnetite ore is generically defined as magnetite with > 1% titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and is usually vanadium-bearing. The iron and titanium occur as a mixture of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) and ilmenite (FeTiO 3 ) with vanadium oxide usually occurring within the solid solution of the...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:JOM (1989) 2020-10, Vol.72 (10), p.3462-3471
Main Authors: Geldenhuys, I. J., Reynolds, Q. G., Akdogan, G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c402t-290e0f59186633fb915c34420041209544f969fc613da332926e009e72003bd43
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c402t-290e0f59186633fb915c34420041209544f969fc613da332926e009e72003bd43
container_end_page 3471
container_issue 10
container_start_page 3462
container_title JOM (1989)
container_volume 72
creator Geldenhuys, I. J.
Reynolds, Q. G.
Akdogan, G.
description Titanium-bearing magnetite ore is generically defined as magnetite with > 1% titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and is usually vanadium-bearing. The iron and titanium occur as a mixture of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) and ilmenite (FeTiO 3 ) with vanadium oxide usually occurring within the solid solution of the titanium-bearing magnetite phase. These ores are currently widely processed in blast furnaces via modified ironmaking processes. Typically, vanadium is recovered as a by-product from the ironmaking process, while the diluted titania slag is stockpiled. Fluxless smelting in a direct-current open-arc furnace is proposed as an opportunity to improve iron and vanadium recovery and potentially unlock the titanium as a slag product. Slags produced from a pilot study are compared to industrial slags produced from ilmenite. The findings from the pilot test show that slag produced under fluxless smelting conditions in an open-arc electric furnace is remarkably similar to industrial ilmenite slags. The test conditions were varied to evaluate the slag and metal composition, and furnace operation, under increasing reducing conditions. The study showed that the slag and metal product was remarkably similar to industrial slag produced from ilmenite.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s11837-020-04304-3
format article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2489782306</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2489782306</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c402t-290e0f59186633fb915c34420041209544f969fc613da332926e009e72003bd43</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kE1LAzEQhoMoWKt_wFPAc3TysR85SmlVqCi2PYd0N1lTtklNdkX_vVtb8OZpBuZ534EHoWsKtxSguEuUlrwgwICA4CAIP0EjmglOaJnR02EHURBR8vIcXaS0gSEkJB2hZvqp2153LngcLF66TnunyZur3vGi1Q1-jaHuK1NjG8P2eLcmhj7hZ91407nO4JWvTcSztv9qTUp4sTVt53yDJ8HXbt-dLtGZ1W0yV8c5RqvZdDl5JPOXh6fJ_ZxUAlhHmAQDNpO0zHPO7VrSrOJCMABBGchMCCtzaauc8lpzziTLDYA0xUDwdS34GN0cencxfPQmdWoT-uiHl4qJUhYl45APFDtQVQwpRWPVLrqtjt-KgtoLVQehahCqfoUqPoT4IZQG2Dcm_lX_k_oBKJJ3ig</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2489782306</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Evaluation of Titania-Rich Slag Produced from Titaniferous Magnetite Under Fluxless Smelting Conditions</title><source>Springer Nature</source><creator>Geldenhuys, I. J. ; Reynolds, Q. G. ; Akdogan, G.</creator><creatorcontrib>Geldenhuys, I. J. ; Reynolds, Q. G. ; Akdogan, G.</creatorcontrib><description>Titanium-bearing magnetite ore is generically defined as magnetite with &gt; 1% titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and is usually vanadium-bearing. The iron and titanium occur as a mixture of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) and ilmenite (FeTiO 3 ) with vanadium oxide usually occurring within the solid solution of the titanium-bearing magnetite phase. These ores are currently widely processed in blast furnaces via modified ironmaking processes. Typically, vanadium is recovered as a by-product from the ironmaking process, while the diluted titania slag is stockpiled. Fluxless smelting in a direct-current open-arc furnace is proposed as an opportunity to improve iron and vanadium recovery and potentially unlock the titanium as a slag product. Slags produced from a pilot study are compared to industrial slags produced from ilmenite. The findings from the pilot test show that slag produced under fluxless smelting conditions in an open-arc electric furnace is remarkably similar to industrial ilmenite slags. The test conditions were varied to evaluate the slag and metal composition, and furnace operation, under increasing reducing conditions. The study showed that the slag and metal product was remarkably similar to industrial slag produced from ilmenite.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1047-4838</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1543-1851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11837-020-04304-3</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Blast furnace iron mixers ; Chemistry/Food Science ; Earth Sciences ; Electric arc furnaces ; Electric furnaces ; Electrodes ; Engineering ; Environment ; High Temperature Processing of Complex Ores ; Ilmenite ; Inventory control ; Iron compounds ; Iron oxides ; Ironmaking ; Magnetite ; Metallurgy ; Minerals ; Physics ; Pilot projects ; Raw materials ; Slag ; Smelting ; Solid solutions ; Titanium ; Titanium dioxide ; Vanadium oxides</subject><ispartof>JOM (1989), 2020-10, Vol.72 (10), p.3462-3471</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020</rights><rights>Copyright Springer Nature B.V. Oct 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c402t-290e0f59186633fb915c34420041209544f969fc613da332926e009e72003bd43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c402t-290e0f59186633fb915c34420041209544f969fc613da332926e009e72003bd43</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5995-2722</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Geldenhuys, I. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reynolds, Q. G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akdogan, G.</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation of Titania-Rich Slag Produced from Titaniferous Magnetite Under Fluxless Smelting Conditions</title><title>JOM (1989)</title><addtitle>JOM</addtitle><description>Titanium-bearing magnetite ore is generically defined as magnetite with &gt; 1% titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and is usually vanadium-bearing. The iron and titanium occur as a mixture of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) and ilmenite (FeTiO 3 ) with vanadium oxide usually occurring within the solid solution of the titanium-bearing magnetite phase. These ores are currently widely processed in blast furnaces via modified ironmaking processes. Typically, vanadium is recovered as a by-product from the ironmaking process, while the diluted titania slag is stockpiled. Fluxless smelting in a direct-current open-arc furnace is proposed as an opportunity to improve iron and vanadium recovery and potentially unlock the titanium as a slag product. Slags produced from a pilot study are compared to industrial slags produced from ilmenite. The findings from the pilot test show that slag produced under fluxless smelting conditions in an open-arc electric furnace is remarkably similar to industrial ilmenite slags. The test conditions were varied to evaluate the slag and metal composition, and furnace operation, under increasing reducing conditions. The study showed that the slag and metal product was remarkably similar to industrial slag produced from ilmenite.</description><subject>Blast furnace iron mixers</subject><subject>Chemistry/Food Science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Electric arc furnaces</subject><subject>Electric furnaces</subject><subject>Electrodes</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>High Temperature Processing of Complex Ores</subject><subject>Ilmenite</subject><subject>Inventory control</subject><subject>Iron compounds</subject><subject>Iron oxides</subject><subject>Ironmaking</subject><subject>Magnetite</subject><subject>Metallurgy</subject><subject>Minerals</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Pilot projects</subject><subject>Raw materials</subject><subject>Slag</subject><subject>Smelting</subject><subject>Solid solutions</subject><subject>Titanium</subject><subject>Titanium dioxide</subject><subject>Vanadium oxides</subject><issn>1047-4838</issn><issn>1543-1851</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE1LAzEQhoMoWKt_wFPAc3TysR85SmlVqCi2PYd0N1lTtklNdkX_vVtb8OZpBuZ534EHoWsKtxSguEuUlrwgwICA4CAIP0EjmglOaJnR02EHURBR8vIcXaS0gSEkJB2hZvqp2153LngcLF66TnunyZur3vGi1Q1-jaHuK1NjG8P2eLcmhj7hZ91407nO4JWvTcSztv9qTUp4sTVt53yDJ8HXbt-dLtGZ1W0yV8c5RqvZdDl5JPOXh6fJ_ZxUAlhHmAQDNpO0zHPO7VrSrOJCMABBGchMCCtzaauc8lpzziTLDYA0xUDwdS34GN0cencxfPQmdWoT-uiHl4qJUhYl45APFDtQVQwpRWPVLrqtjt-KgtoLVQehahCqfoUqPoT4IZQG2Dcm_lX_k_oBKJJ3ig</recordid><startdate>20201001</startdate><enddate>20201001</enddate><creator>Geldenhuys, I. J.</creator><creator>Reynolds, Q. G.</creator><creator>Akdogan, G.</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>4T-</scope><scope>4U-</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>883</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>M0F</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>S0X</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5995-2722</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20201001</creationdate><title>Evaluation of Titania-Rich Slag Produced from Titaniferous Magnetite Under Fluxless Smelting Conditions</title><author>Geldenhuys, I. J. ; Reynolds, Q. G. ; Akdogan, G.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c402t-290e0f59186633fb915c34420041209544f969fc613da332926e009e72003bd43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Blast furnace iron mixers</topic><topic>Chemistry/Food Science</topic><topic>Earth Sciences</topic><topic>Electric arc furnaces</topic><topic>Electric furnaces</topic><topic>Electrodes</topic><topic>Engineering</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>High Temperature Processing of Complex Ores</topic><topic>Ilmenite</topic><topic>Inventory control</topic><topic>Iron compounds</topic><topic>Iron oxides</topic><topic>Ironmaking</topic><topic>Magnetite</topic><topic>Metallurgy</topic><topic>Minerals</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>Pilot projects</topic><topic>Raw materials</topic><topic>Slag</topic><topic>Smelting</topic><topic>Solid solutions</topic><topic>Titanium</topic><topic>Titanium dioxide</topic><topic>Vanadium oxides</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Geldenhuys, I. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reynolds, Q. G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akdogan, G.</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Docstoc</collection><collection>University Readers</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Complete</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Trade &amp; Industry (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Materials Science &amp; Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Trade &amp; Industry</collection><collection>ProQuest Science Journals</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>One Business (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><jtitle>JOM (1989)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Geldenhuys, I. J.</au><au>Reynolds, Q. G.</au><au>Akdogan, G.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evaluation of Titania-Rich Slag Produced from Titaniferous Magnetite Under Fluxless Smelting Conditions</atitle><jtitle>JOM (1989)</jtitle><stitle>JOM</stitle><date>2020-10-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>72</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>3462</spage><epage>3471</epage><pages>3462-3471</pages><issn>1047-4838</issn><eissn>1543-1851</eissn><abstract>Titanium-bearing magnetite ore is generically defined as magnetite with &gt; 1% titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and is usually vanadium-bearing. The iron and titanium occur as a mixture of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) and ilmenite (FeTiO 3 ) with vanadium oxide usually occurring within the solid solution of the titanium-bearing magnetite phase. These ores are currently widely processed in blast furnaces via modified ironmaking processes. Typically, vanadium is recovered as a by-product from the ironmaking process, while the diluted titania slag is stockpiled. Fluxless smelting in a direct-current open-arc furnace is proposed as an opportunity to improve iron and vanadium recovery and potentially unlock the titanium as a slag product. Slags produced from a pilot study are compared to industrial slags produced from ilmenite. The findings from the pilot test show that slag produced under fluxless smelting conditions in an open-arc electric furnace is remarkably similar to industrial ilmenite slags. The test conditions were varied to evaluate the slag and metal composition, and furnace operation, under increasing reducing conditions. The study showed that the slag and metal product was remarkably similar to industrial slag produced from ilmenite.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><doi>10.1007/s11837-020-04304-3</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5995-2722</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 1047-4838
ispartof JOM (1989), 2020-10, Vol.72 (10), p.3462-3471
issn 1047-4838
1543-1851
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_journals_2489782306
source Springer Nature
subjects Blast furnace iron mixers
Chemistry/Food Science
Earth Sciences
Electric arc furnaces
Electric furnaces
Electrodes
Engineering
Environment
High Temperature Processing of Complex Ores
Ilmenite
Inventory control
Iron compounds
Iron oxides
Ironmaking
Magnetite
Metallurgy
Minerals
Physics
Pilot projects
Raw materials
Slag
Smelting
Solid solutions
Titanium
Titanium dioxide
Vanadium oxides
title Evaluation of Titania-Rich Slag Produced from Titaniferous Magnetite Under Fluxless Smelting Conditions
url http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-25T19%3A20%3A05IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Evaluation%20of%20Titania-Rich%20Slag%20Produced%20from%20Titaniferous%20Magnetite%20Under%20Fluxless%20Smelting%20Conditions&rft.jtitle=JOM%20(1989)&rft.au=Geldenhuys,%20I.%20J.&rft.date=2020-10-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3462&rft.epage=3471&rft.pages=3462-3471&rft.issn=1047-4838&rft.eissn=1543-1851&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s11837-020-04304-3&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2489782306%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c402t-290e0f59186633fb915c34420041209544f969fc613da332926e009e72003bd43%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2489782306&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true