Temperature influence on the development of interdiffusion phenomena in MCrAlY‐coated nickel‐based superalloys

• Published in: Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 2021-02, Vol.52 (2), p.248-260
• Main Authors: Elsaß, M., Kontermann, C., Oechsner, M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alloying elements; CM 247; Coating; Depletion; Diffusion coefficient; Evolution; Interdiffusion; Kirkendall-porosity; Kirkendall-Porosität; Nickel base alloys; Porosity; René 80; Substrates; Superalloys; Temperature; Temperature dependence; thermal barrier coating; Wärmedämmschicht
• ISSN: 0933-5137; 1521-4052
• DOI: 10.1002/mawe.202000270

In this work, the interdiffusion between a MCrAlY‐bond coat and two different nickel‐based superalloys is evaluated at three temperatures, 950 °C, 980 °C, and 1,050 °C. Of primary interest is the evolution of Kirkendall‐porosity, the β‐depleted zone in the bond coat and the β’‐ depleted zone in the superalloy. The three phenomena arise near the interface between bond coat and superalloy as a result of interdiffusion between both materials and are detrimental to the coating‐substrate system. The evolution of the interdiffusion phenomena is highly dependent on the alloy composition of the materials as well as the annealing temperature. It has been found that not only the temperature dependency of the diffusion coefficient but also the temperature dependent element activities are an important factor when evaluating the interdiffusion phenomena. It has further been shown that at lower temperatures the amount of Kirkendall‐porosity per volume fraction is higher than at higher temperatures, even though the overall amount of porosity is lower. Different equilibrium concentrations of main alloying elements and a correspondingly lower over‐saturation of vacancies have been identified as the main explanation. Kirkendall‐porosity, the β‐phase depleted zone in the bond coat and the γ’‐phase depleted zone in the substrate are detrimental interdiffusion phenomena which arise near the interface between bond coat und nickel‐based substrate in thermal barrier coating systems. As the formation of these phenomena is diffusion‐controlled, it is largely depended on the temperature the materials experience.