Assessment of damage caused by evolved fall armyworm on native and transgenic maize in South Africa

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a transboundary polyphagous insect pest which preferentially feeds on grain crops. The FAW was responsible for economic damage to maize crops in more than 44 African countries by 2019 accounting for the loss of o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Phytoparasitica 2021-02, Vol.49 (1), p.1-12
Main Authors: Bengyella, Louis, Hetsa, Bakoena Ashton, Fonmboh, Dobgima J., Jose, Robinson C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accounting
Agriculture
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Bt gene
Cereal crops
Corn
Crop damage
Crops
Cultivation
Cytochrome oxidase I
Cytochromes
Damage assessment
Divergence
Ecology
Economics
Evolution
Farms
Genetically engineered organisms
Grain crops
Haplotypes
Impact analysis
Insecticides
Insects
Life Sciences
Mitochondria
Original Article
Pest outbreaks
Pesticides
Phylogeny
Plant Pathology
Plant Sciences
Spodoptera frugiperda
Transgenic plants
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Summary:The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a transboundary polyphagous insect pest which preferentially feeds on grain crops. The FAW was responsible for economic damage to maize crops in more than 44 African countries by 2019 accounting for the loss of over US$2–5.5 billion. The parallel cultivation of Bt- maize expressing Cry1Ab protein and indigenous maize varieties in some African countries was aimed to enhance output and mitigate the harmful impact of the Lepidopteran insect below the economic injury level. A total of six maize farms (holding at least 4–20 ha of land) in delocalized geographies of Gauteng province, South Africa were randomly selected and assessed for the impact of FAW during the 2017 outbreak. A biotype of S. frugiperda that significantly destroyed Bt maize and non- Bt maize and exhibited tolerance to pesticides under field conditions is reported. It is observed that, whether maize at the tasseling stage carried the Cry1Ab trait or not, S. frugiperda caused a minimum damage of ~62.6% ( P 
ISSN:0334-2123
1876-7184
DOI:10.1007/s12600-020-00862-z