Nitrogen Losses and Potential Mitigation Strategies for a Sustainable Agroecosystem

Nitrogen (N) in the agricultural production system influences many aspects of agroecosystems and several critical ecosystem services widely depend on the N availability in the soil. Cumulative changes in regional ecosystem services may lead to global environmental changes. Thus, the soil N status in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sustainability 2021-02, Vol.13 (4), p.2400
Main Authors: Mahmud, Kishan, Panday, Dinesh, Mergoum, Anaas, Missaoui, Ali
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural commodities
Agricultural ecosystems
Agricultural management
Agricultural pollution
Agricultural practices
Agricultural production
Agriculture
Ammonia
Ammonia pressure leaching
Atmosphere
Climate change
COVID-19
Crop production
Developing countries
Ecosystem services
Ecosystems
Emissions
Environmental changes
Environmental impact
Farms
Fertilizers
Food
LDCs
Leaching
Mitigation
Nitrogen
Nitrous oxide
Per capita
Proteins
Soils
Sustainability
Sustainable agriculture
Volatilization
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Summary:Nitrogen (N) in the agricultural production system influences many aspects of agroecosystems and several critical ecosystem services widely depend on the N availability in the soil. Cumulative changes in regional ecosystem services may lead to global environmental changes. Thus, the soil N status in agriculture is of critical importance to strategize its most efficient use. Nitrogen is also one of the most susceptible macronutrients to environmental loss, such as ammonia volatilization (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, nitrate leaching (NO3), etc. Any form of N losses from agricultural systems can be major limitations for crop production, soil sustainability, and environmental safeguard. There is a need to focus on mitigation strategies to minimize global N pollution and implement agricultural management practices that encourage regenerative and sustainable agriculture. In this review, we identified the avenues of N loss into the environment caused by current agronomic practices and discussed the potential practices that can be adapted to prevent this N loss in production agriculture. This review also explored the N status in agriculture during the COVID-19 pandemic and the existing knowledge gaps and questions that need to be addressed.
ISSN:2071-1050
2071-1050
DOI:10.3390/su13042400