Deaths Of Despair: Adults At High Risk For Death By Suicide, Poisoning, Or Chronic Liver Disease In The US

Discourse on deaths of despair, which include suicide, poisoning, and chronic liver disease, has focused on middle-aged White working-class adults with less than a college education. Yet longitudinal research has not examined what groups are at highest risk for these causes of death. Respondents to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Health affairs (Millwood, Va.) Va.), 2021-03, Vol.40 (3), p.505-4
Main Authors: Olfson, Mark, Cosgrove, Candace, Altekruse, Sean F, Wall, Melanie M, Blanco, Carlos
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adults
American Indians
Censuses
Death & dying
Disability
Disease
Divorce
Drug overdose
Employment
Ethnicity
Fatalities
High risk
Higher education
Hopelessness
Indigenous peoples
Life expectancy
Liver
Liver cirrhosis
Liver diseases
Marital status
Middle age
Military psychology
Military service
Mortality
Mortality rates
Narcotics
Native North Americans
Net income
People with disabilities
Poisoning
Respondents
Review boards
Risk
Risk groups
Socioeconomic factors
Suicide
Suicides & suicide attempts
Working class
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Summary:Discourse on deaths of despair, which include suicide, poisoning, and chronic liver disease, has focused on middle-aged White working-class adults with less than a college education. Yet longitudinal research has not examined what groups are at highest risk for these causes of death. Respondents to the 2008 American Community Survey were followed through 2015 for mortality from suicide, poisoning, or chronic liver disease. The overall mortality rate for deaths of despair was 41.3 per 100,000 person-years. The highest-risk groups were adults with functional disabilities (102.8 per 100,000 person-years), American Indian/Alaska Native people (102.6), working-age adults who are not employed (77.3), separated or divorced people (76.5), people with net income losses (70.6), and people with military service (67.0). Most of these groups remained at increased risk after several potential confounders were controlled for. These findings offer a deeper perspective on which adults are at highest risk for deaths of despair.
ISSN:0278-2715
1544-5208
DOI:10.1377/hlthaff.2020.01573