Clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with brain metastases

Brain metastases (BMs) represent a negative prognostic factor for patients with solid malignancies. BMs are generally approached with loco-regional treatments and the blood–brain barrier limits the efficacy of some systemic drugs. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge about the ro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Immunotherapy 2021-04, Vol.13 (5), p.419-432
Main Authors: Nunno, Vincenzo Di, Nuvola, Giacomo, Mosca, Mirta, Maggio, Ilaria, Gatto, Lidia, Tosoni, Alicia, Lodi, Raffaele, Franceschi, Enrico, Brandes, Alba Ariela
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigen presentation
Asymptomatic
Blood-brain barrier
Brain cancer
brain metastases
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Clinical trials
CTLA-4
Evolution
Immune checkpoint inhibitors
Immune system
Immunosuppressive agents
Kidney cancer
Kinases
Lung cancer
Melanoma
Metastases
Metastasis
Mutation
NSCLC
Patients
PD-1
PD-L1
renal cell carcinoma
Tumors
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Summary:Brain metastases (BMs) represent a negative prognostic factor for patients with solid malignancies. BMs are generally approached with loco-regional treatments and the blood–brain barrier limits the efficacy of some systemic drugs. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge about the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the management of brain metastases in patients with solid malignancies. We performed a review of available literature. Immune checkpoint inhibitors represent the standard treatment for several advanced solid malignancies. However, with the exception of melanoma their clinical role in other solid malignancies is not completely clear due to the exclusion of patients with BM from approval clinical trials. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors may be an effective treatment of brain metastases of melanoma while their clinical role on brain metastases from other solid malignancies is uncertain.
ISSN:1750-743X
1750-7448
DOI:10.2217/imt-2020-0208