Spheres of legislation: polarization and most influential nodes in behavioral context

• Published in: Computational social networks 2021-03, Vol.8 (1), Article 14
• Main Authors: Phillips, Andrew C., Irfan, Mohammad T., Ostertag-Hill, Luca
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algorithms; Clustering; Complex Networks; Context; Data-driven Science; Database Management; Game theory; Industrial and Production Engineering; Industrial Organization; Legislation; Machine learning; Mathematical Models of Cognitive Processes and Neural Networks; Mathematics; Mathematics and Statistics; Media Sociology; Modeling and Theory Building; Network analysis; Nodes; Polarization; Social networks; Spheres
• ISSN: 2197-4314; 2197-4314
• DOI: 10.1186/s40649-021-00091-2

Game-theoretic models of influence in networks often assume the network structure to be static. In this paper, we allow the network structure to vary according to the underlying behavioral context. This leads to several interesting questions on two fronts. First, how do we identify different contexts and learn the corresponding network structures using real-world data? We focus on the U.S. Senate and apply unsupervised machine learning techniques, such as fuzzy clustering algorithms and generative models, to identify spheres of legislation as context and learn an influence network for each sphere. Second, how do we analyze these networks to gain an insight into the role played by the spheres of legislation in various interesting constructs like polarization and most influential nodes? To this end, we apply both game-theoretic and social network analysis techniques. In particular, we show that game-theoretic notion of most influential nodes brings out the strategic aspects of interactions like bipartisan grouping, which structural centrality measures fail to capture.