Energy conditions allow eternal inflation

Eternal inflation requires upward fluctuations of the energy in a Hubble volume, which appear to violate the energy conditions. In particular, a scalar field in an inflating spacetime should obey the averaged null energy condition, which seems to rule out eternal inflation. Here we show how eternal...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of cosmology and astroparticle physics 2021-03, Vol.2021 (3), p.97
Main Authors: Kontou, Eleni-Alexandra, Olum, Ken D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Critical point
Energy
Inflation (cosmology)
Scalars
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Summary:Eternal inflation requires upward fluctuations of the energy in a Hubble volume, which appear to violate the energy conditions. In particular, a scalar field in an inflating spacetime should obey the averaged null energy condition, which seems to rule out eternal inflation. Here we show how eternal inflation is possible when energy conditions (even the null energy condition) are obeyed. The critical point is that energy conditions restrict the evolution of any single quantum state, while the process of eternal inflation involves repeatedly selecting a subsector of the previous state, so there is no single state where the conditions are violated.
ISSN:1475-7516
1475-7516
DOI:10.1088/1475-7516/2021/03/097