A broadly neutralizing antibody protects against SARS-CoV, pre-emergent bat CoVs, and SARS-CoV-2 variants in mice

• Published in: bioRxiv 2021-04
• Main Authors: Martinez, David R, Schaefer, Alexandra, Gobeil, Sophie, Li, Dapeng, De la Cruz, Gabriela, Parks, Robert, Lu, Xiaozhi, Barr, Maggie, Manne, Kartik, Mansouri, Katayoun, Edwards, Robert J, Yount, Boyd, Anasti, Kara, Montgomery, Stephanie A, Shen, Shaunna, Zhou, Tongqing, Kwong, Peter D, Graham, Barney S, Mascola, John R, Montefiori, David C, Alam, Munir, Sempowski, Gregory D, Wiehe, Kevin, Saunders, Kevin O, Acharya, Priyamvada, Haynes, Barton F, Baric, Ralph S
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antibodies; Coronaviruses; Epitopes; Monoclonal antibodies; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
• ISSN: 2692-8205
• DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.27.441655

SARS-CoV in 2003, SARS-CoV-2 in 2019, and SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) can cause deadly infections, underlining the importance of developing broadly effective countermeasures against Group 2B Sarbecoviruses, which could be key in the rapid prevention and mitigation of future zoonotic events. Here, we demonstrate the neutralization of SARS-CoV, bat CoVs WIV-1 and RsSHC014, and SARS-CoV-2 variants D614G, B.1.1.7, B.1.429, B1.351 by a receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific antibody DH1047. Prophylactic and therapeutic treatment with DH1047 demonstrated protection against SARS-CoV, WIV-1, RsSHC014, and SARS-CoV-2 B1.351infection in mice. Binding and structural analysis showed high affinity binding of DH1047 to an epitope that is highly conserved among Sarbecoviruses. We conclude that DH1047 is a broadly neutralizing and protective antibody that can prevent infection and mitigate outbreaks caused by SARS-like strains and SARS-CoV-2 variants. Our results argue that the RBD conserved epitope bound by DH1047 is a rational target for pan Group 2B coronavirus vaccines.