Novel Capsular Polysaccharide from Lobochlamys segnis

In recent years there has been a significant effort from food, nutraceutical, cosmeceutical, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries to discover and develop new natural ingredients. Microalgae have been recognised as potential sources of high value chemicals, with most attention focused upon antio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Polysaccharides 2021-03, Vol.2 (1), p.121-137
Main Authors: Schiano di Visconte, Gino, Allen, Michael J., Spicer, Andrew
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetic acid
Algae
Antioxidants
Aquatic microorganisms
Capsular polysaccharides
Cosmetics
Extracellular polymers
Functional foods & nutraceuticals
Galactose
Hyaluronic acid
Molecular weight
Pigments
Potassium
Random coil
Retention
Sodium
Viscosity
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Summary:In recent years there has been a significant effort from food, nutraceutical, cosmeceutical, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries to discover and develop new natural ingredients. Microalgae have been recognised as potential sources of high value chemicals, with most attention focused upon antioxidants, pigments, and specialty oils. An under-exploited group of biochemicals produced by microalgae are extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Lobochlamys segnis (formerly called Chlamydomonas segnis) was previously reported to produce a large amount of capsular polysaccharide (CPS) closely related to hyaluronan (HA) under stress conditions. In this work, the purified CPS was characterised and shown to have an average molecular mass (Mn) of about 3.7 MDa, and displayed a highly branched random coil structure unlike the simple repeating linear HA polysaccharide. Chemical analysis showed the presence of galactose, glucuronic acid, and glucose sugars confirming that the product has a different composition to that of HA. Mixotrophic growth and stress conditions were identified and improved upon with a pH control system using acetic acid solution to induce efficient production of CPS. Extraction and purification conditions were also identified exploiting the high Mn of the product. The CPS showed thickening properties and both significant antioxidant capacity and reducing power, which could have commercial applications. This is the first report on the characterization of this novel polysaccharide with non-Newtonian properties similar to HA.
ISSN:2673-4176
2673-4176
DOI:10.3390/polysaccharides2010009