Electrochemiluminescent biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of lymphoma at the early stage using CD20 markers as B cell-specific antigens

• Published in: Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Netherlands), 2021-04, Vol.138, p.107730, Article 107730
• Main Authors: Fazlali, Farnaz, Hashemi, Pegah, Khoshfetrat, Seyyed Mehdi, Halabian, Raheleh, Baradaran, Behzad, Johari-Ahar, Mohammad, Karami, Pari, Hajian, Ali, Bagheri, Hasan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antigens; Aptamers; B-cell lymphoma; Biosensors; Breast cancer; Cancer; Cancer detection; CD20 antigen; CD20 biomarker; Chemiluminescence; Chitosan; Early detection of lymphoma; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; Electrochemiluminescence; Electrochemistry; Electrogenerated chemiluminescence aptasensor; Flow cytometry; Hydrogen peroxide; Label-free aptasensors; Lymphoma; Nanocomposites; Nanoparticles; Platinum; Spectroscopy
• ISSN: 1567-5394; 1878-562X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107730

[Display omitted] •Golden compact disk was used as an material for disposable biosensor.•Chitosan was used for effective loading of luminol and Pt nanoparticles.•A novel aptasensor was developed for detecting of lymphoma at an early stage.•Excellent discrimination between various cell lines was observed. Herein, by taking advantage of the special binding of an aptamer to the membrane surface of a B cell and accumulation of the positive charges of a nanocomposite, including luminol-chitosan-platinum nanoparticles (L-Cs-Pt NPs), on the negatively charge of the aptamer phosphate backbone, a sensitive, simple, selective and rapid strategy for the detection of lymphoma cells by a new label-free electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor has been introduced. With increasing concentrations of B lymphoma cells, the nanocomposite detaches from the aptamer, leading to a decrease in the ECL of a luminol and H2O2 system. With high loading of luminol and Pt NPs on a chitosan, together with the electrocatalytic effect of Pt NPs, enhanced sensitive detection of cancer cells with a limit of detection of 31 cells/mL was achieved. Step-by-step modification and biosensor response to cancer cells was monitored by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and ECL. The aptasensor exhibited excellent specificity for lymphoma cells vs breast cancer (MCF-7) and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cell lines as potential interferents. Finally, the performance of the aptasensor in blood samples was assessed against a commercial flow cytometric method. Satisfactory results confirmed the applicability of the proposed biosensing platform.